Critical Role of Perovskite Film Stoichiometry in Determining Solar Cell Operational Stability: a Study on the Effects of Volatile A-Cation Additives.

Autor:	Song W; Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 10, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.; Thin Film PV Technology─Partner in Solliance, Imec, imo-imomec, Thor Park 8320, Genk 3600, Belgium.; EnergyVille, imo-imomec, Thor Park 8320, Genk 3600, Belgium.; Hasselt University, imo-imomec, Martelarenlaan 42, Hasselt 3500, Belgium., Zhang X; Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 10, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.; Thin Film PV Technology─Partner in Solliance, Imec, imo-imomec, Thor Park 8320, Genk 3600, Belgium.; EnergyVille, imo-imomec, Thor Park 8320, Genk 3600, Belgium.; Hasselt University, imo-imomec, Martelarenlaan 42, Hasselt 3500, Belgium.; Center for Micro Nano Systems, School of Information Science and Technology (SIST), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China.; Academy for Engineering & Technology (FAET), Fudan University, 200433 Shanghai, P. R. China., Lammar S; Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 10, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.; Thin Film PV Technology─Partner in Solliance, Imec, imo-imomec, Thor Park 8320, Genk 3600, Belgium.; EnergyVille, imo-imomec, Thor Park 8320, Genk 3600, Belgium.; Hasselt University, imo-imomec, Martelarenlaan 42, Hasselt 3500, Belgium., Qiu W; imec, Kapeldreef 75, Leuven 3001, Belgium., Kuang Y; Thin Film PV Technology─Partner in Solliance, Imec, imo-imomec, Thor Park 8320, Genk 3600, Belgium.; EnergyVille, imo-imomec, Thor Park 8320, Genk 3600, Belgium.; Hasselt University, imo-imomec, Martelarenlaan 42, Hasselt 3500, Belgium., Ruttens B; Hasselt University, imo-imomec, Martelarenlaan 42, Hasselt 3500, Belgium., D'Haen J; Hasselt University, imo-imomec, Martelarenlaan 42, Hasselt 3500, Belgium., Vaesen I; imec, Kapeldreef 75, Leuven 3001, Belgium., Conard T; imec, Kapeldreef 75, Leuven 3001, Belgium., Abdulraheem Y; Department of Electrical Engineering, Kuwait University, Safat 13060, Kuwait., Aernouts T; Thin Film PV Technology─Partner in Solliance, Imec, imo-imomec, Thor Park 8320, Genk 3600, Belgium.; EnergyVille, imo-imomec, Thor Park 8320, Genk 3600, Belgium.; Hasselt University, imo-imomec, Martelarenlaan 42, Hasselt 3500, Belgium., Zhan Y; Center for Micro Nano Systems, School of Information Science and Technology (SIST), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China.; Academy for Engineering & Technology (FAET), Fudan University, 200433 Shanghai, P. R. China., Poortmans J; Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 10, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.; Thin Film PV Technology─Partner in Solliance, Imec, imo-imomec, Thor Park 8320, Genk 3600, Belgium.; EnergyVille, imo-imomec, Thor Park 8320, Genk 3600, Belgium.; Hasselt University, imo-imomec, Martelarenlaan 42, Hasselt 3500, Belgium.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	ACS applied materials & interfaces [ACS Appl Mater Interfaces] 2022 Jun 22; Vol. 14 (24), pp. 27922-27931. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jun 10.
DOI:	10.1021/acsami.2c05241
Abstrakt:	Volatile A-cation halide (AX) additives such as formamidinium chloride and methylammonium chloride have been widely employed for high-efficiency perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, it remains unstudied how they influence the perovskite film stoichiometry and the solar cell performance and operational stability. Hereby, our work shows that over annealing of formamidinium chloride-containing perovskite films leads to a Pb-rich surface, resulting in a high initial efficiency, which however decays during maximum power point tracking (MPPT). On the contrary, perovskite films obtained by a shorter annealing time at the same temperature provide good stability during MPPT but a lower initial efficiency. Thus, we deduce that an optimal annealing is vital for both high efficiency and operational stability, which is then confirmed in the case where methylammonium chloride additive is used. With optimized perovskite annealing conditions, we demonstrate efficient and stable p-i-n PSCs that show a best power conversion efficiency of 20.7% and remain 90% of the initial performance after a 200 h MPPT at 60 °C under simulated 1 sun illumination with high UV content. Our work presents a comprehensive understanding on how volatile AX impacts perovskite film stoichiometry and its correlation to the device performance and operational stability, providing a new guideline for fabricating high-efficiency and operationally stable PSCs.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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