Altering arabinans increases Arabidopsis guard cell flexibility and stomatal opening.
| Autor: | Carroll S; School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Western Park, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK., Amsbury S; School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Western Park, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK., Durney CH; Computational and Systems Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK., Smith RS; Computational and Systems Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK., Morris RJ; Computational and Systems Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK., Gray JE; School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Western Park, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK., Fleming AJ; School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Western Park, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK. Electronic address: a.fleming@sheffield.ac.uk. |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Zdroj: | Current biology : CB [Curr Biol] 2022 Jul 25; Vol. 32 (14), pp. 3170-3179.e4. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jun 07. |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.cub.2022.05.042 |
| Abstrakt: | Stomata regulate plant water use and photosynthesis by controlling leaf gas exchange. They do this by reversibly opening the pore formed by two adjacent guard cells, with the limits of this movement ultimately set by the mechanical properties of the guard cell walls and surrounding epidermis. 1 , 2 A body of evidence demonstrates that the methylation status and cellular patterning of pectin wall polymers play a core role in setting the guard cell mechanical properties, with disruption of the system leading to poorer stomatal performance. 3-6 Here we present genetic and biochemical data showing that wall arabinans modulate guard cell flexibility and can be used to engineer stomata with improved performance. Specifically, we show that a short-chain linear arabinan epitope associated with the presence of rhamnogalacturonan I in the guard cell wall is required for full opening of the stomatal pore. Manipulations leading to the novel accumulation of longer-chain arabinan epitopes in guard cell walls led to an increase in the maximal pore aperture. Using computational modeling combined with atomic force microscopy, we show that this phenotype reflected a decrease in wall matrix stiffness and, consequently, increased flexing of the guard cells under turgor pressure, generating larger, rounder stomatal pores. Our results provide theoretical and experimental support for the conclusion that arabinan side chains of pectin modulate guard cell wall stiffness, setting the limits for cell flexing and, consequently, pore aperture, gas exchange, and photosynthetic assimilation. Competing Interests: Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests. (Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.) |
| Databáze: | MEDLINE |
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