Assessing the effect of socioeconomic factors on prevalence of dyslipidemia among iranian adult population; district level analysis from 2016 STEPS national study using small area estimation.

Autor: Soleimani H; Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Ghasemi E; Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Saeedi Moghaddam S; Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Azadnajafabad S; Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Rezaei N; Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Masinaei M; Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Naderimagham S; Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Rezaei N; Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Malekpour MR; Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Keykhaei M; Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, IL 60611, Chicago, USA., Gorgani F; Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Kazemi A; Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Tahmasebi S; Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Makhdoom R; Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran., Farzadfar F; Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders [J Diabetes Metab Disord] 2022 Apr 05; Vol. 21 (1), pp. 647-655. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Apr 05 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI: 10.1007/s40200-022-01027-x
Abstrakt: Background: Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death globally and dyslipidemia plays a critical role in the development of this condition. This study aimed to analyze the potential impact of socioeconomic factors on the prevalence of dyslipidemia at district level in Iran. Understanding these factors is important for development of future risk factor control programs.
Methods: We used the nationwide Iran STEPwise approach to risk factor Surveillance (STEPS) 2016 survey as a representative dataset on the Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) risk factors in Iran. To obtain a district level dyslipidemia estimates, we utilized the small area estimation method with a Bayesian spatial hierarchical multilevel regression and multilevel mixed models. The principal component analysis was applied to derive household wealth index. For evaluation of education, successful years of schooling was calculated at district level. Urbanization ratio was defined as the proportion of residents in the urban area to the urban and rural areas for each district.
Results: The highest difference was found for hypercholesterolemia coverage with 9.11 times difference among the lowest and highest prevalence across the country's district for males. Men with lower income, lower urbanization, and lower education levels had lower values of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and higher level of hypercholesterolemia, and hypertriglyceridemia (P-value < 0.001). Triglyceride levels were directly correlated with all analyzed socioeconomic factors in both females and males (P-value < 0.001).
Conclusion: We demonstrated that there is an inverse relationship between socioeconomic levels and dyslipidemia indices as populations with higher socioeconomic levels consistently had higher mean dyslipidemia levels. Our findings provide an excellent fundamental framework for healthcare administrators and policymakers to set goals and pursue effective preventive strategies.
Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-022-01027-x.
Competing Interests: Conflict of InterestNone Declared.
(© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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