Habitat-specific fish fauna responses to different management regimes in the largest coral reef complex in the South Atlantic.

Autor: Schmid K; Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Grupo de Ecologia Aquática, Belém, Pará State, Brazil., Reis-Filho JA; Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Programa de Pós Graduação em Ecologia aplicada a Gestão Ambiental, Bahia State, Brazil; ICHTUS Ambiente & Sociedade, 41830-600, Bahia State, Brazil. Electronic address: amorim@ichtusambiental.com.br., Loiola M; Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Bioinformatics and Microbial Ecology Laboratory (BIOME), Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil., Harvey ES; School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia., de Kikuchi RKP; Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Department of Oceanography, Coral Reef and Global Climate Change Research Group, Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil., Giarrizzo T; Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Grupo de Ecologia Aquática, Belém, Pará State, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências do Mar (LABOMAR), Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Ceará State, Brazil.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Marine environmental research [Mar Environ Res] 2022 Jun; Vol. 178, pp. 105661. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 May 26.
DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2022.105661
Abstrakt: While marine protected areas (MPAs) are increasing worldwide, it is still needed to assess the effectiveness of those already consolidated. Methods and ecological assessments to understanding integrated and habitat-specific management regimes are still scarce and insufficient for policy implications and biodiversity conservation. Through Baited Remote Underwater Video (BRUV), we used fish assemblages as proxy of ecological and managerial status in two reef habitat types along three protection levels at Abrolhos Bank - the largest and most biodiverse coral reef complex of the South Atlantic. We found completely distinct responses in the fish fauna between the top (shallow) and bottom (deep) habitats of the unique "chapeirões" pinnacle reef formations. In the most protected zone (no-take), higher richness and abundance of commercial fish and more diverse trophic structure was observed. Particularly, large (sharks and groupers) and small carnivores (snappers) were more abundant and distributed more homogeneously over both reef habitats in the strictly enforced no-take zone. Abundance of these top-predators decreased from the low enforcement no-take zone to the multiple use area, where they were often absent while their typical preys (primary and secondary consumers) were thriving, notably in the top habitats. These outcomes highlight the importance to focus investigations not selectively on a single habitat type or depth zone in order to properly assess MPA effectiveness. Consequently, the monitoring and protection of fish species supported by marine spatial planning may benefit from an improved understanding of ecological functioning provided by MPA performance.
(Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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