Reductions in NO 2 and emergency room visits associated with California's goods movement policies: A quasi-experimental study.

Autor: Meng YY; UCLA Center for Health Policy Research, University of California at Los Angeles, 10960 Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 1550, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA. Electronic address: yymeng@ucla.edu., Yue D; Department of Health Policy and Management, University of Maryland, 4200 Valley Dr, College Park, MD, 20742, USA. Electronic address: dhyue@umd.edu., Molitor J; College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA., Chen X; UCLA Center for Health Policy Research, University of California at Los Angeles, 10960 Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 1550, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA., Su JG; School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States., Jerrett M; Department of Environmental Health Science, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Environmental research [Environ Res] 2022 Oct; Vol. 213, pp. 113600. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jun 03.
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113600
Abstrakt: Introduction: This study examines whether the "Emission Reduction Plan for Ports and Goods Movement" in California reduced air pollution exposures and emergency room visits among California Medicaid enrollees with asthma and/or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Method: We created a retrospective cohort of 5608 Medicaid enrollees from ten counties in California with data from 2004 to 2010. We grouped the patients into two groups: those living within 500 m of goods movement corridors (ports and truck-permitted freeways), and control areas (away from the busy truck or car permitted highways). We created annual air pollution surfaces for nitrogen dioxide and assigned them to enrollees' home addresses. We used a quasi-experimental design with a difference-in-differences method to examine changes before and after the policy for cohort beneficiaries in the two groups.
Results: The reductions in nitrogen dioxide exposures and emergency room visits were greater for enrollees in goods movement corridors than those in control areas in post-policy years. We found that the goods movement actions were associated with 14.8% (95% CI, -24.0% to -4.4%; P = 0.006) and 11.8% (95% CI, -21.2% to -1.2%; P = 0.030) greater reduction in emergency room visits for the beneficiaries with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, respectively, in the third year after California's emission reduction plan.
Conclusion: These findings indicate remarkable health benefits via reduced emergency room visits from the significantly improved air quality due to public policy interventions for disadvantaged and susceptible populations.
(Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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