Oncologic emergencies and urgencies: A comprehensive review.

Autor: Gould Rothberg BE; Yale Cancer Center Innovations Laboratory, Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut., Quest TE; Department of Emergency Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia., Yeung SJ; Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas., Pelosof LC; Office of Oncologic Diseases, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland., Gerber DE; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, Texas., Seltzer JA; Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California., Bischof JJ; Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio., Thomas CR Jr; Department of Radiation Oncology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire., Akhter N; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois., Mamtani M; Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania., Stutman RE; Department of Medicine, Division of Urgent Care Services, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York., Baugh CW; Department of Emergency Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts., Anantharaman V; Department of Emergency Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, SingHealth Duke-National University of Singapore Academic Medical Center, Singapore, Singapore., Pettit NR; Department of Emergency Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana., Klotz AD; Department of Medicine, Division of Urgent Care Services, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York., Gibbs MA; Department of Emergency Medicine, Atrium Health-Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, North Carolina., Kyriacou DN; Department of Emergency Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.; Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: CA: a cancer journal for clinicians [CA Cancer J Clin] 2022 Nov; Vol. 72 (6), pp. 570-593. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jun 02.
DOI: 10.3322/caac.21727
Abstrakt: Patients with advanced cancer generate 4 million visits annually to emergency departments (EDs) and other dedicated, high-acuity oncology urgent care centers. Because of both the increasing complexity of systemic treatments overall and the higher rates of active therapy in the geriatric population, many patients experiencing acute decompensations are frail and acutely ill. This article comprehensively reviews the spectrum of oncologic emergencies and urgencies typically encountered in acute care settings. Presentation, underlying etiology, and up-to-date clinical pathways are discussed. Criteria for either a safe discharge to home or a transition of care to the inpatient oncology hospitalist team are emphasized. This review extends beyond familiar conditions such as febrile neutropenia, hypercalcemia, tumor lysis syndrome, malignant spinal cord compression, mechanical bowel obstruction, and breakthrough pain crises to include a broader spectrum of topics encompassing the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, venous thromboembolism and malignant effusions, as well as chemotherapy-induced mucositis, cardiomyopathy, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Emergent and urgent complications associated with targeted therapeutics, including small molecules, naked and drug-conjugated monoclonal antibodies, as well as immune checkpoint inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor T-cells, are summarized. Finally, strategies for facilitating same-day direct admission to hospice from the ED are discussed. This article not only can serve as a point-of-care reference for the ED physician but also can assist outpatient oncologists as well as inpatient hospitalists in coordinating care around the ED visit.
(© 2022 The Authors. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Cancer Society.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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