| Autor: |
Chulkova SV; N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia.; N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia., Loginov VI; Scientific Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia., Podluzhnyi DV; N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia., Egorova AV; N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia., Syskova AY; N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia., Semichev DG; N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia., Gladilina IA; N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia.; N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia., Kudashkin NE; N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, Russia.; N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia. |
| Abstrakt: |
The article lists the main inducers of cholangiocarcinogenesis. The main inflammatory mediators (IL-6, nitric oxide, COX2) have been considered. Data on the study of gene mutations in cholangiocarcinomas are presented. The spectrum of genetic mutations depends on the biliary cancer origin ( FGFR2 with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, PRKACA, PRKACB with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma). Mutations in the KRAS, TP53, ARIAD1A genes are common in extrahepatic bile duct cancer. The role of epigenetic changes such as DNA hypermethylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, as well as disturbances in miRNA expression is presented. A number of epigenetic features, such as the presence of a TP53 mutations with hypermethylation of p14ARF , DAPK , and/or ASC , correlate with a more aggressive course of the disease. The role of the SOX17 gene in the development of drug resistance is highlighted. The study of the molecular genetic features of extrahepatic bile duct cancer can help to better understand the pathogenesis of this type of tumor, to establish new prognostic and diagnostic markers of the disease. |
