Ewing's sarcoma in scapula, epidemiology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment: A literature review.

Autor:	Shashaa MN; Faculty of Medicine, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria., Alkarrash MS; Faculty of Medicine, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria., Kitaz MN; Faculty of Medicine, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria., Hawash S; Faculty of Medicine, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria., Otaqy MB; Faculty of Medicine, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria., Tarabishi J; Faculty of Medicine, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria., Rhayim R; Faculty of Medicine, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria., Alloush H; Department of Orthopedic, Aleppo University Hospital, Aleppo, Syria.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) [Ann Med Surg (Lond)] 2022 Apr 11; Vol. 77, pp. 103617. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Apr 11 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI:	10.1016/j.amsu.2022.103617
Abstrakt:	Background: Ewing's sarcoma (ES) can affect any bone, but its occurrence in the scapula is extremely rare. Only 15 studies investigating this condition exist in the medical literature. Materials and Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed and Scopus, and studies on ES of scapula published in the English medical literature were retrieved. A total of 15 studies were found and were included in our study. Results: ES prevalence was highest in Asia. Moreover, ES was predominant in males (60%), with a male-to-female ratio of 3:2. ES in 53.3% and 46.6% of the cases were found in the right and left scapula, respectively. The main presentation of patients with ES of scapula was swelling, which was observed in 73.33% of the cases. Of the included studies, 46.6% used plain radiography as the primary investigation method, and 60% used computed tomography for staging and metastasis detection. For definitive diagnosis, 86.6% of the studies used immunohistochemistry markers. Adjuvant chemotherapy was considered in most studies (80%). Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was given in 6 out of 10 cases who underwent surgical treatment. Complications included malignant pleural effusion, respiratory failure, and movement restriction. Conclusion: The scapula is an extremely rare site for ES. Local invasion was found in 63.64% of the cases, whereas pre-metastases were found in 35.71% of the cases. Magnetic resonance imaging was considered to be the best radiological method used to diagnose ES of scapula. Adjuvant chemotherapy, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and surgery were the main treatments for ES. Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have conflicts of interest. (© 2022 The Authors.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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