| Autor: |
Sammallahti H; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.; Department of Surgery, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland., Sarhadi VK; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland., Kokkola A; Department of Surgery, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland., Ghanbari R; Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran P.O. Box 1411713135, Iran., Rezasoltani S; Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran P.O. Box 1985717411, Iran., Asadzadeh Aghdaei H; Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran P.O. Box 1985717411, Iran., Puolakkainen P; Department of Surgery, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland., Knuutila S; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland. |
| Abstrakt: |
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is an aggressive malignancy with a dismal prognosis. To improve patient survival, the development of screening methods for early diagnosis is pivotal. Oncogenomic alterations present in tumor tissue are a suitable target for non-invasive screening efforts, as they can be detected in tumor-derived cells, cell-free nucleic acids, and extracellular vesicles, which are present in several body fluids. Since stool is an easily accessible source, which enables convenient and cost-effective sampling, it could be utilized for the screening of these traces. Herein, we explore the various oncogenomic changes that have been detected in PC tissue, such as chromosomal aberrations, mutations in driver genes, epigenetic alterations, and differentially expressed non-coding RNA. In addition, we briefly look into the role of altered gut microbiota in PC and their possible associations with oncogenomic changes. We also review the findings of genomic alterations in stool of PC patients, and the potentials and challenges of their future use for the development of stool screening tools, including the possible combination of genomic and microbiota markers. |
