Rural-Urban Differences in Cognition: Findings From the Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly Trial.

Autor:	Steinberg N; Marcus Institute for Aging, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, USA.; Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA., Parisi JM; Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.; Johns Hopkins Alzheimer's Disease Resource Center for Minority Aging Research, Baltimore, MD, USA., Feger DM; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.; Johns Hopkins Center on Aging and Health, Baltimore, MD, USA., Clay OJ; Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.; Deep South Resource Center for Minority Aging Research, Birmingham, AL, USA.; University of Alabama Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Birmingham, AL, USA., Willis SL; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., Ball KK; Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.; Deep South Resource Center for Minority Aging Research, Birmingham, AL, USA., Marsiske M; Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA., Harrell ER; Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA., Sisco SM; Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA., Rebok GW; Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.; Johns Hopkins Alzheimer's Disease Resource Center for Minority Aging Research, Baltimore, MD, USA.; Johns Hopkins Center on Aging and Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Journal of aging and health [J Aging Health] 2023 Oct; Vol. 35 (9_suppl), pp. 107S-118S. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 May 23.
DOI:	10.1177/08982643221102718
Abstrakt:	ObjectivesWe examined associations between three geographic areas (urban, suburban, rural) and cognition (memory, reasoning, processing speed) over a 10-year period. Methods: Data were obtained from 2539 participants in the Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly (ACTIVE) trial. Multilevel, mixed-effects linear regression was used to estimate cognitive trajectories by geographical areas over 10 years, after adjusting for social determinants of health. Results: Compared to urban and suburban participants, rural participants fared worse on all cognitive measures-memory ( B = -1.17 (0.17)), reasoning ( B = -1.55 (0.19)), and processing speed ( B = 0.76 (0.19)) across the 10-year trajectory. Across geographic areas, greater economic stability, health care access and quality, and neighborhood resources were associated with better cognition over time. Discussion: Findings highlight the importance of geographical location when examining cognition later in life. More research examining place-based life experiences is needed to make the greatest impact on geographically diverse communities. Competing Interests: Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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