Effect of the Menstrual Cycle on Electroencephalogram Alpha and Beta Bands During Motor Imagery and Action Observation.

Autor:	de Souza RFL; Behavioral Endocrinology Laboratory, Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil., Mendes TMAS; Behavioral Endocrinology Laboratory, Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil., Lima LABA; Behavioral Endocrinology Laboratory, Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil., Brandão DS; Electroencephalography Laboratory, Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil., Laplagne DA; Behavioral Neurophysiology, Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil., de Sousa MBC; Behavioral Endocrinology Laboratory, Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.; Graduate Program in Psychobiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in human neuroscience [Front Hum Neurosci] 2022 May 04; Vol. 16, pp. 878887. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 May 04 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI:	10.3389/fnhum.2022.878887
Abstrakt:	Female sex steroids (FSS) can affect the motor system, modulating motor cortex excitability as well as performance in dexterity and coordination tasks. However, it has not yet been explored whether FSS affects the cognitive components of motor behavior. Mu is a sensorimotor rhythm observed by electroencephalography (EEG) in alpha (8-12 Hz) and beta (15-30 Hz) frequency bands in practices such as motor imagery (MI) and action observation (AO). This rhythm represents a window for studying the activity of neural circuits involved in motor cognition. Herein we investigated whether the alpha-mu and beta-mu power in the sensorimotor region (C3 and C4, hypothesis-driven approach) and the alpha and beta power over frontal, parietal, and occipital regions (data-driven approach) are modulated differently in the menstrual, follicular, and luteal phases of menstrual cycles in right-handed dominant women. To do so, these women underwent MI and AO in the three menstrual cycle phases. The spectral activity of the cortical regions for the alpha and beta bands were compared between phases of the menstrual cycle and a correlation analysis was also performed in relation to estrogen and progesterone levels. For the hypothesis-based approach, beta-mu event-related desynchronization (ERD) was significantly stronger in the C3 channel in the follicular phase than in the menstrual and luteal phases. For the data-driven approach, beta ERD during MI was higher in the follicular phase than in the menstrual and luteal phases in the frontal region. These findings suggest the effect of FSS on executive movement control. No effect of menstrual cycle phases was observed in cortical areas investigated during OA, but alpha and beta bands correlated positively with the follicular phase plasma estradiol level. Thus, the attenuation of alpha and beta bands referring to mirror neuron activities appears to be associated with inhibition of cortical activity when estradiol levels are lower, improving cognitive processing of motor action. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2022 Souza, Mendes, Lima, Brandão, Laplagne and Sousa.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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