Fear-potentiated startle predicts longitudinal change in transdiagnostic symptom dimensions of anxiety and depression.

Autor: Yarrington JS; Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Vinograd M; Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA., Williams AL; Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA., Wolitzky-Taylor KB; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Zinbarg RE; Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA., Mineka S; Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA., Waters AM; School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia., Craske MG; Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Electronic address: MCraske@mednet.ucla.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of affective disorders [J Affect Disord] 2022 Aug 15; Vol. 311, pp. 399-406. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 May 19.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.05.080
Abstrakt: Background: Elevated defensive responding, through startle reflex (SR) and skin conductance response (SCR), may contribute to onset and maintenance of depression and anxiety. Most work examining SR and SCR has predicted psychiatric diagnoses. There is a paucity of research examining links between SR or SCR and dimensional measures of psychopathology.
Methods: We used latent growth curve modeling to predict longitudinal change in three symptom factors (i.e., General Distress, Fears, Anhedonia-Apprehension) from SR and SCR measured during a fear-potentiated startle paradigm among adolescents oversampled for neuroticism (N = 129).
Results: Elevated SCR in danger phases before and after an unpleasant muscle contraction predicted increasing Fears over time. Elevated SR in safe phases post-contraction also predicted increasing Fears over time. Attenuated SR in safe phases post-contraction predicted elevated General Distress longitudinally. Attenuated SCR pre-contraction in danger phases predicted elevated Anhedonia-Apprehension over time.
Limitations: Our non-clinical sample may limit generalizability of results. Additionally, we did not assess change in SR and SCR over time.
Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that SR and SCR during a fear-potentiated startle paradigm predict longitudinal change in dimensional anxiety and depression symptom factors and relatedly, that SR and SCR may represent risk factors for the exacerbation of symptomatology.
(Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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