First-generation BNT162b2 and AZD1222 vaccines protect from COVID-19 pneumonia during the Omicron variant emergence.

Autor: Murillo-Zamora E; Departamento de Epidemiología, Unidad de Medicina Familiar No. 19, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Javier Mina 301, Col. Centro, Colima, Colima, C.P. 28000, Mexico; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Colima, Av. Universidad 333, Col. Las Víboras, Colima, Colima, C.P. 28040, Mexico., Trujillo X; Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Av. 25 de Julio 965, Col. Villas San Sebastián Colima, C.P. 28045, Mexico., Huerta M; Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Av. 25 de Julio 965, Col. Villas San Sebastián Colima, C.P. 28045, Mexico., Ríos-Silva M; Universidad de Colima - CONACyT, Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Av. 25 de Julio 965, Col. Villas San Sebastián Colima, C.P. 28045, Mexico., Lugo-Radillo A; CONACYT - Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, Oaxaca, Mexico., Baltazar-Rodríguez LM; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Colima, Av. Universidad 333, Col. Las Víboras, Colima, Colima, C.P. 28040, Mexico., Mendoza-Cano O; Facultad de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad de Colima, km. 9 carretera Colima-Coquimatlán, Coquimatlán, Colima, C.P. 28400, Mexico. Electronic address: oliver@ucol.mx.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Public health [Public Health] 2022 Jun; Vol. 207, pp. 105-107. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Apr 20.
DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2022.04.001
Abstrakt: Objective: This study aimed to identify factors predicting pneumonia in adults with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during the Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) emergence. We also evaluated, in fully vaccinated (BNT162b2 or AZD1222) individuals, if the time (<6 or ≥6 months) elapsed since the last shot was received was associated with the risk of severe illness.
Study Design: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in Mexico.
Methods: Data from 409,493 were analyzed, and risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed through generalized linear models.
Results: We documented a total of 3513 COVID-19 pneumonia cases (69.5 per 100,000 person-days). In multiple analyses, a protective effect was observed in vaccinated adults (RR = 0.996, 95% CI 0.995-0.997). Male gender, increasing age, and smoking were associated with a greater risk of pneumonia. Individuals with chronic comorbidities (pulmonary obstructive disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, kidney disease, and immunosuppression) were also at higher risk. Among fully vaccinated subjects (n = 166,869), those who had received the last shot at 6 more months were at increased risk for developing pneumonia (RR = 1.002, 95% CI 1.001-1.003).
Conclusions: Our results suggest that the first-generation BNT162b2 and AZD1222 vaccines reduce the risk of COVID-19 pneumonia during the Omicron emergence. We also found that adults with longer interval from the administration of the second shot to illness onset were at increased risk of severe manifestations.
(Copyright © 2022 The Royal Society for Public Health. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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