| Autor: |
Figueroa-González AR; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México., Hernandez-Escalante VM; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México., Cabrera-Araujo Z; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México., Marín-Cárdenas A; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México., Castro-Sansores C; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México., Tumas N; Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Córdoba, Argentina.; Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina., Juárez-Ramírez C; Centro de Investigación en Sistemas de Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México., Sansores-España D; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México., Torres-Escalante JL; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México. |
| Abstrakt: |
Poor nutritional conditions persist in many Mayan communities in Yucatán, Mexico, even though various programs have been implemented. The study aimed to compare the effects of a community-based nutritional intervention with an intercultural focus versus a conventional nutritional intervention on body mass index (BMI) and diet in women in Mayan communities in Yucatán. The sample included adult women with BMI ≥ 25kg/m2 from neighboring rural Mayan villages. Both interventions lasted three months with 11 sessions and followed the prevailing guidelines. The community-based intervention used an intercultural tool called Good Mayan Food [Plato del Bien Comer Maya], besides strategies designed according to information obtained from a prior qualitative study phase using interviews. The group that received the community-based intervention (n = 7), compared to the conventional intervention group (n = 9), showed larger decreases in BMI (-0.58 ± 0.70 kg/m2 and +0.27 ± 0.64kg/m2; p = 0.042), waist circumference (-2.15 ± 2.60 cm and -0.50 ± 0.75 cm; p = 0.042), and consumption of fats (-53.23 ± 21.92 grams and -7.34 ± 25.77 grams; p = 0.004), as well as higher increases in weekly consumption of some local foods such as nance fruit (p = 0.012), tamarind (p = 0.001), and chili peppers (p = 0.004). The community-based intervention was the only one to show a significant decrease in daily calorie intake (baseline: 2,067 ± 91 kcal/day, at three months: 1,474 ± 31 kcal/day; p = 0.018), and both groups showed decreases in the consumption of ultra-processed foods, but without significant differences between the two groups. The community-based intervention group showed better results than the conventional intervention group. |
