Airborne Emission Rate Measurements Validate Remote Sensing Observations and Emission Inventories of Western U.S. Wildfires.

Autor:	Stockwell CE; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.; NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States., Bela MM; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.; NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States., Coggon MM; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.; NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States., Gkatzelis GI; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.; NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States., Wiggins E; NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia 23681, United States., Gargulinski EM; National Institute of Aerospace, Hampton, Virginia 23666, United States., Shingler T; NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia 23681, United States., Fenn M; NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia 23681, United States.; Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Hampton, Virginia 23666, United States., Griffin D; Air Quality Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, Ontario M3H 5T4, Canada., Holmes CD; Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States., Ye X; Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States., Saide PE; Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.; Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States., Bourgeois I; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.; NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States., Peischl J; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.; NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States., Womack CC; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.; NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States., Washenfelder RA; NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States., Veres PR; NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States., Neuman JA; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.; NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States., Gilman JB; NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States., Lamplugh A; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.; NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States., Schwantes RH; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.; NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States., McKeen SA; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.; NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States., Wisthaler A; Institute for Ion Physics and Applied Physics, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck 6020, Austria.; Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Oslo 0371, Norway., Piel F; Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Oslo 0371, Norway.; Ionicon Analytik, Innsbruck 6020, Austria., Guo H; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.; Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States., Campuzano-Jost P; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.; Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States., Jimenez JL; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.; Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States., Fried A; Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research (INSTAAR), University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States., Hanisco TF; Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, United States., Huey LG; School of Earth and Atmospheric Science, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30318, United States., Perring A; Department of Chemistry, Colgate University, Madison County, Hamilton, New York 13346, United States., Katich JM; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.; NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States., Diskin GS; NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia 23681, United States., Nowak JB; NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia 23681, United States., Bui TP; Atmospheric Sciences Branch, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035, United States., Halliday HS; Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle, North Carolina 27709, United States., DiGangi JP; NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia 23681, United States., Pereira G; Department of Geosciences, Federal University of Sao Joao del-Rei, Sao Joao del-Rei, MG 36307, Brazil., James EP; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.; NOAA Global Systems Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States., Ahmadov R; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.; NOAA Global Systems Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States., McLinden CA; Air Quality Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, Ontario M3H 5T4, Canada., Soja AJ; NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia 23681, United States.; National Institute of Aerospace, Hampton, Virginia 23666, United States., Moore RH; NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia 23681, United States., Hair JW; NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia 23681, United States., Warneke C; NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado 80305, United States.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Environmental science & technology [Environ Sci Technol] 2022 Jun 21; Vol. 56 (12), pp. 7564-7577. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 May 17.
DOI:	10.1021/acs.est.1c07121
Abstrakt:	Carbonaceous emissions from wildfires are a dynamic mixture of gases and particles that have important impacts on air quality and climate. Emissions that feed atmospheric models are estimated using burned area and fire radiative power (FRP) methods that rely on satellite products. These approaches show wide variability and have large uncertainties, and their accuracy is challenging to evaluate due to limited aircraft and ground measurements. Here, we present a novel method to estimate fire plume-integrated total carbon and speciated emission rates using a unique combination of lidar remote sensing aerosol extinction profiles and in situ measured carbon constituents. We show strong agreement between these aircraft-derived emission rates of total carbon and a detailed burned area-based inventory that distributes carbon emissions in time using Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite FRP observations (Fuel2Fire inventory, slope = 1.33 ± 0.04, r 2 = 0.93, and RMSE = 0.27). Other more commonly used inventories strongly correlate with aircraft-derived emissions but have wide-ranging over- and under-predictions. A strong correlation is found between carbon monoxide emissions estimated in situ with those derived from the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) for five wildfires with coincident sampling windows (slope = 0.99 ± 0.18; bias = 28.5%). Smoke emission coefficients (g MJ -1 ) enable direct estimations of primary gas and aerosol emissions from satellite FRP observations, and we derive these values for many compounds emitted by temperate forest fuels, including several previously unreported species.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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