Behavioral-biological surveillance of emerging infectious diseases among a dynamic cohort in Thailand.

Autor: Yadana S; EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY, USA., Cheun-Arom T; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand., Li H; EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY, USA., Hagan E; EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY, USA., Mendelsohn E; EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY, USA., Latinne A; Wildlife Conservation Society, Viet Nam Country Program, Ha Noi, Viet Nam.; Wildlife Conservation Society, Health Program, Bronx, NY, USA., Martinez S; EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY, USA., Putcharoen O; Division of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Thai Red Cross Emerging Infectious Diseases Clinical Centre, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand., Homvijitkul J; Loei Hospital, Loei, Thailand., Sathaporntheera O; Loei Hospital, Loei, Thailand., Rattanapreeda N; Loei Hospital, Loei, Thailand., Chartpituck P; The Office of Disease Prevention and Control 5, Ratchaburi, Thailand., Yamsakul S; The Office of Disease Prevention and Control 5, Ratchaburi, Thailand., Sutham K; The Office of Disease Prevention and Control 5, Ratchaburi, Thailand., Komolsiri S; The Office of Disease Prevention and Control 5, Ratchaburi, Thailand., Pornphatthananikhom S; Wat-Luang Health Promoting Hospital, Phanat Nikhom, Chonburi, Thailand., Petcharat S; Thai Red Cross Emerging Infectious Diseases-Health Science Centre, Faculty of Medicine, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Research and Training On Viral Zoonoses, Chulalongkorn Hospital, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand., Ampoot W; Thai Red Cross Emerging Infectious Diseases-Health Science Centre, Faculty of Medicine, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Research and Training On Viral Zoonoses, Chulalongkorn Hospital, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand., Francisco L; The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA., Hemachudha T; Thai Red Cross Emerging Infectious Diseases-Health Science Centre, Faculty of Medicine, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Research and Training On Viral Zoonoses, Chulalongkorn Hospital, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand., Daszak P; EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY, USA., Olival KJ; EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY, USA. olival@ecohealthalliance.org., Wacharapluesadee S; Thai Red Cross Emerging Infectious Diseases Clinical Centre, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: BMC infectious diseases [BMC Infect Dis] 2022 May 16; Vol. 22 (1), pp. 472. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 May 16.
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07439-7
Abstrakt: Background: Interactions between humans and animals are the key elements of zoonotic spillover leading to zoonotic disease emergence. Research to understand the high-risk behaviors associated with disease transmission at the human-animal interface is limited, and few consider regional and local contexts.
Objective: This study employed an integrated behavioral-biological surveillance approach for the early detection of novel and known zoonotic viruses in potentially high-risk populations, in an effort to identify risk factors for spillover and to determine potential foci for risk-mitigation measures.
Method: Participants were enrolled at two community-based sites (n = 472) in eastern and western Thailand and two hospital (clinical) sites (n = 206) in northeastern and central Thailand. A behavioral questionnaire was administered to understand participants' demographics, living conditions, health history, and animal-contact behaviors and attitudes. Biological specimens were tested for coronaviruses, filoviruses, flaviviruses, influenza viruses, and paramyxoviruses using pan (consensus) RNA Virus assays.
Results: Overall 61/678 (9%) of participants tested positive for the viral families screened which included influenza viruses (75%), paramyxoviruses (15%), human coronaviruses (3%), flaviviruses (3%), and enteroviruses (3%). The most salient predictors of reporting unusual symptoms (i.e., any illness or sickness that is not known or recognized in the community or diagnosed by medical providers) in the past year were having other household members who had unusual symptoms and being scratched or bitten by animals in the same year. Many participants reported raising and handling poultry (10.3% and 24.2%), swine (2%, 14.6%), and cattle (4.9%, 7.8%) and several participants also reported eating raw or undercooked meat of these animals (2.2%, 5.5%, 10.3% respectively). Twenty four participants (3.5%) reported handling bats or having bats in the house roof. Gender, age, and livelihood activities were shown to be significantly associated with participants' interactions with animals. Participants' knowledge of risks influenced their health-seeking behavior.
Conclusion: The results suggest that there is a high level of interaction between humans, livestock, and wild animals in communities at sites we investigated in Thailand. This study highlights important differences among demographic and occupational risk factors as they relate to animal contact and zoonotic disease risk, which can be used by policymakers and local public health programs to build more effective surveillance strategies and behavior-focused interventions.
(© 2022. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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