Longitudinal Nutritional Intakes in Italian Pregnant Women in Comparison with National Nutritional Guidelines.

Autor:	Lisso F; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy., Massari M; Department of Woman, Mother and Neonate, 'V. Buzzi' Children Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, 20154 Milan, Italy., Gentilucci M; Department of Woman, Mother and Neonate, 'L. Sacco' Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, 20157 Milan, Italy., Novielli C; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy., Corti S; Department of Woman, Mother and Neonate, 'V. Buzzi' Children Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, 20154 Milan, Italy., Nelva Stellio L; Department of Woman, Mother and Neonate, 'V. Buzzi' Children Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, 20154 Milan, Italy., Milazzo R; Department of Woman, Mother and Neonate, 'V. Buzzi' Children Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, 20154 Milan, Italy., Troiano E; Nutrition and Dietetics Technical Scientific Association-ASAND, 90144 Palermo, Italy., Schaefer E; Bayer Consumer Care AG, 4052 Basel, Switzerland., Cetin I; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy.; Department of Woman, Mother and Neonate, 'V. Buzzi' Children Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, 20154 Milan, Italy., Mandò C; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Nutrients [Nutrients] 2022 May 05; Vol. 14 (9). Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 May 05.
DOI:	10.3390/nu14091944
Abstrakt:	Background: Nutritional quality during pregnancy is crucial for mother and child health and their short/long-term outcomes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the adherence to nutritional recommendations in Italy during the three pregnancy trimesters in Normal Weight (NW) and Over Weight (OW) women. Methods: Data from a multicenter randomized controlled trial included 176 women (NW = 133; OW = 43) with healthy singleton pregnancies enrolled within 13 + 6 weeks of gestation. Dietary intake was assessed every trimester by a Food Frequency Questionnaire. Results: OW and NW had similar gestational weight gain. However, as Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommend lower gestational weight gain (GWG) for OW, they exceeded the suggested range. In both groups, caloric intake during the three trimesters never met recommendations. Protein intake in first and second trimester was higher than recommendations, as was sugars percentage. Dietary fiber intake was lower in OW. Polyunsaturated fatty acids, calcium, iron and folic acid requirements were never satisfied, while sodium intake exceeded recommendations. Conclusions: NW and OW women in Italy do not adhere to nutritional recommendations during pregnancy, with lower caloric intake, protein and sugars excess and inadequacies in micronutrients intake. Pregnant women in Italy should be provided with an adequate counseling and educational intervention as well as supplementation when indicated.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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