| Autor: |
Dalmasso B; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genetics of Rare Cancers, 16132 Genoa, Italy., Puccini A; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Medical Oncology Unit 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy., Catalano F; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Medical Oncology Unit 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy., Borea R; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Medical Oncology Unit 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy., Iaia ML; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Medical Oncology Unit 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy., Bruno W; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genetics of Rare Cancers, 16132 Genoa, Italy.; Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy., Fornarini G; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Medical Oncology Unit 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy., Sciallero S; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Medical Oncology Unit 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy., Rebuzzi SE; Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy.; Ospedale San Paolo, Medical Oncology, 17100 Savona, Italy., Ghiorzo P; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genetics of Rare Cancers, 16132 Genoa, Italy.; Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy. |
| Abstrakt: |
The BRCA1/2 germline and/or somatic pathogenic variants (PVs) are key players in the hereditary predisposition and therapeutic response for breast, ovarian and, more recently, pancreatic and prostate cancers. Aberrations in other genes involved in homologous recombination and DNA damage response (DDR) pathways are being investigated as promising targets in ongoing clinical trials. However, DDR genes are not routinely tested worldwide. Due to heterogeneity in cohort selection and dissimilar sequencing approaches across studies, neither the burden of PVs in DDR genes nor the prevalence of PVs in genes in common among pancreatic and prostate cancer can be easily quantified. We aim to contextualize these genes, altered in both pancreatic and prostate cancers, in the DDR process, to summarize their hereditary and somatic burden in different studies and harness their deficiency for cancer treatments in the context of currently ongoing clinical trials. We conclude that the inclusion of DDR genes, other than BRCA1/2 , shared by both cancers considerably increases the detection rate of potentially actionable variants, which are triplicated in pancreatic and almost doubled in prostate cancer. Thus, DDR alterations are suitable targets for drug development and to improve the outcome in both pancreatic and prostate cancer patients. Importantly, this will increase the detection of germline pathogenic variants, thereby patient referral to genetic counseling. |
