Melatonin: A mitochondrial resident with a diverse skill set.

Autor: Reiter RJ; Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA. Electronic address: reiter@uthscsa.edu., Sharma R; Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA. Electronic address: sharmar3@uthscsa.edu., Rosales-Corral S; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco CP45150, Mexico., de Campos Zuccari DAP; Cancer Molecular Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology, FAMERP, São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, Brazil., de Almeida Chuffa LG; Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo 18618-689, Brazil.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Life sciences [Life Sci] 2022 Jul 15; Vol. 301, pp. 120612. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 May 04.
DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120612
Abstrakt: Melatonin is an ancient molecule that originated in bacteria. When these prokaryotes were phagocytized by early eukaryotes, they eventually developed into mitochondria and chloroplasts. These new organelles retained the melatonin synthetic capacity of their forerunners such that all present-day animal and plant cells may produce melatonin in their mitochondria and chloroplasts. Melatonin concentrations are higher in mitochondria than in other subcellular compartments. Isolated mouse oocyte mitochondria form melatonin when they are incubated with serotonin, a necessary precursor. Oocyte mitochondria subsequently give rise to these organelles in all adult vertebrate cells where they continue to synthesize melatonin. The enzymes that convert serotonin to melatonin, i.e., arylalkylamine-N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) and acetylserotonin-O-methyltransferase, have been identified in brain mitochondria which, when incubated with serotonin, also form melatonin. Melatonin is a potent antioxidant and anti-cancer agent and is optimally positioned in mitochondria to aid in the maintenance of oxidative homeostasis and to reduce cancer cell transformation. Melatonin stimulates the transfer of mitochondria from healthy cells to damaged cells via tunneling nanotubes. Melatonin also regulates the major NAD + -dependent deacetylase, sirtuin 3, in the mitochondria. Disruptions of mitochondrial melatonin synthesis may contribute to a number of mitochondria-related diseases, as discussed in this review.
(Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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