Signature of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in nails and hair.

Autor: Komatsu H; Department of Pediatrics, Toho University, Sakura Medical Center, 564-1 Shimoshizu Sakura, Chiba, 285-8741, Japan. haruki-komatsu@chive.ocn.ne.jp., Inui A; Department of Pediatric Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Eastern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan., Odmaa E; National Center for Communicable Disease, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia., Ito Y; Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan., Hoshino H; Department of Pediatrics, Toho University, Sakura Medical Center, 564-1 Shimoshizu Sakura, Chiba, 285-8741, Japan., Umetsu S; Department of Pediatric Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Eastern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan., Tsunoda T; Department of Pediatric Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Eastern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan., Fujisawa T; Department of Pediatric Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Eastern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: BMC infectious diseases [BMC Infect Dis] 2022 May 04; Vol. 22 (1), pp. 431. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 May 04.
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07400-8
Abstrakt: Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is detected in extrahepatic tissues of individuals with HBV infection. Whether nails and hair contain HBV has been unknown.
Methods: We examined two patient groups: those with chronic HBV infection alone (n = 71), and those with both chronic HBV and hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infections (n = 15). HBV DNA in the patients' fingernails and hair were measured by real-time PCR. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) of fingernails was evaluated by an enzyme immunoassay. HDV RNA in fingernails was measured by real-time PCR. Immunochemical staining was performed on nails. We used chimeric mice with humanized livers to evaluate the infectivity of nails.
Results: Of the 71 pairs of HBV-alone nail and hair samples, 70 (99%) nail and 60 (85%) hair samples were positive for β-actin DNA. Of those 70 nail samples, 65 (93%) were HBV DNA-positive. Of the 60 hair samples, 49 (82%) were HBV DNA-positive. The serum HBV DNA level of the nail HBV DNA-positive patients was significantly higher than that of the nail HBV DNA-negative patients (p < 0.001). The hair HBV DNA-positive patients' serum HBV DNA level was significantly higher compared to the hair HBV DNA-negative patients (p < 0.001). The nail HBV DNA level was significantly higher than the hair HBV DNA level (p < 0.001). The nails and hair HBV DNA levels were correlated (r = 0.325, p < 0.05). A phylogenetic tree analysis of the complete genome sequence of HBV isolated from nails and hair identified the infection source. Of the 64 nail samples, 38 (59%) were HBsAg-positive. All 15 pairs of chronic HBV/HDV infection nail and hair samples were β-actin DNA-positive. However, nail HBV DNA was detected in two patients (13%). None of the 15 patients were positive for hair HBV DNA. Nail HDV RNA was detected in three patients (20%). Of the 15 patients, eight (53%) were nail HBsAg-positive. HBsAg and hepatitis delta (HD) antigen were detected in the nails by immunochemical staining. Chimeric mice were not infected with PBS containing HBsAg and HBV DNA elucidated from nails.
Conclusions: Nails and hair were the reservoir of HBV DNA. Moreover, nails can contain HBsAg, HDV RNA, and HD antigen.
(© 2022. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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