Prevalence and Factors Associated With Depression and Suicidal Ideation During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among University Students in Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Autor:	Kaggwa MM; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda.; African Centre for Suicide Prevention and Research, Mbarara, Uganda., Arinaitwe I; Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda., Nduhuura E; Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda., Muwanguzi M; Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda., Kajjimu J; Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda., Kule M; Department of Psychiatry, Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, Mbarara, Uganda., Ajuna N; Department of Nursing, Bishop Stuart University, Mbarara, Uganda., Machacha I; School of Medicine, Kabale University, Kabale, Uganda., Nkola R; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda.; African Centre for Suicide Prevention and Research, Mbarara, Uganda., Najjuka SM; College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda., Wamala NK; Faculty of Clinical Medicine and Dentistry, Kampala International University, Kampala, Uganda., Bongomin F; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Gulu University, Gulu, Uganda., Griffiths MD; Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom., Rukundo GZ; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda.; African Centre for Suicide Prevention and Research, Mbarara, Uganda., Mamun MA; CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Savar, Bangladesh.; Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Bangladesh.; Department of Public Health, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in psychiatry [Front Psychiatry] 2022 Apr 14; Vol. 13, pp. 842466. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Apr 14 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI:	10.3389/fpsyt.2022.842466
Abstrakt:	Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted psychosocial well-being and mental health of students across the world. Although students are vulnerable to depression and suicidal ideation, few studies have been conducted in Uganda. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of depression and suicidal ideation, and associated factors among undergraduate university students in Uganda. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduates [ N = 540; 363 males; mean age = 23.3 (± 2.64) years] recruited from four universities using an online questionnaire that explored sociodemographic factors, depression, and other associated factors. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to assess depression, and Item 9 was used to assess suicidal ideation in the past 2 weeks. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the factors associated with depression and suicidal ideation. Results: The prevalence of moderate to severe depression was 20% ( n = 108) (cut-off: 10/27 based on the PHQ-9), and the prevalence of past-2-week suicidal ideation was 13.89% ( n = 75) (cut-off: 1/3 based on the PHQ-9 Item 9). About half of the individuals who screened positive for depression had suicidal ideation. Factors associated with depression were: having relationship issues [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.13-2.81, p = 0.012], and having a history of sexual abuse (aOR = 2.06, 95% CI = 1.10-3.84, p = 0.023). Factors associated with reducing the risk of depression were: satisfaction with current academic performance (aOR = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.32-0.79, p = 0.003), and being in the fifth year of academic study (aOR = 0.16, 95% CI = 0.03-0.73, p = 0.018). Factors associated with suicidal ideation were: smoking cigarettes and/or marijuana (aOR = 4.83, 95% CI = 1.10-21.12, p = 0.037), and having financial tuition constraints (aOR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.08-3.16, p = 0.024), However, satisfaction with current academic performance reduced the likelihood of suicidal ideation (aOR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.23-0.70, p = 0.001). Conclusion: Approximately one-fifth of undergraduate university students were moderately to severely depressed, especially those who had relationship issues and those with a history of sexual abuse. Suicidal ideation was common among smokers and those having financial tuition constraints. Therefore, it is recommended that the university authorities implement measures to provide psychological support for the students with problems concerning financial tuition constraints, relationships, and sexual abuse. Also, all students with depression should be screened for suicidality. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2022 Kaggwa, Arinaitwe, Nduhuura, Muwanguzi, Kajjimu, Kule, Ajuna, Machacha, Nkola, Najjuka, Wamala, Bongomin, Griffiths, Rukundo and Mamun.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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