Microbial adaptation and impact into the pesticide's degradation.

Autor: Ahmad S; Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management of Crop in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China., Ahmad HW; Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan., Bhatt P; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA. pankajbhatt.bhatt472@gmail.com.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Archives of microbiology [Arch Microbiol] 2022 Apr 28; Vol. 204 (5), pp. 288. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Apr 28.
DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-02899-6
Abstrakt: The imprudent use of agrochemicals to control agriculture and household pests is unsafe for the environment. Hence, to protect the environment and diversity of living organisms, the degradation of pesticides has received widespread attention. There are different physical, chemical, and biological methods used to remediate pesticides in contaminated sites. Compared to other methods, biological approaches and their associated techniques are more effective, less expensive and eco-friendly. Microbes secrete several enzymes that can attach pesticides, break down organic compounds, and then convert toxic substances into carbon and water. Thus, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the functional genes and genomic potential of microbial species for the removal of emerging pollutants. Here we address the knowledge gaps by highlighting systematic biology and their role in adaptation of microbial species from agricultural soils with a history of pesticide usage and profiling shifts in functional genes and microbial taxa abundance. Moreover, by co-metabolism, the microbial species fulfill their nutritional requirements and perform more efficiently than single microbial-free cells. But in an open environment, free cells of microbes are not much prominent in the degradation process due to environmental conditions, incompatibilities with mechanical equipment and difficulties associated with evenly distributing inoculum through the agroecosystem. This review highlights emerging techniques involving the removal of pesticides in a field-scale environment like immobilization, biobed, biocomposites, biochar, biofilms, and bioreactors. In these techniques, different microbial cells, enzymes, natural fibers, and strains are used for the effective biodegradation of xenobiotic pesticides.
(© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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