Ultra-processed foods and risk of all-cause mortality in renal transplant recipients.

Autor:	Osté MCJ; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands., Duan MJ; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands., Gomes-Neto AW; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands., Vinke PC; Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands., Carrero JJ; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden., Avesani C; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden., Cai Q; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands., Dekker LH; Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands., Navis GJ; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands., Bakker SJL; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands., Corpeleijn E; Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	The American journal of clinical nutrition [Am J Clin Nutr] 2022 Jun 07; Vol. 115 (6), pp. 1646-1657.
DOI:	10.1093/ajcn/nqac053
Abstrakt:	Background: Renal transplant recipients (RTRs) have a 6-fold higher risk of mortality than age- and sex-matched controls. Whether high consumption of ultra-processed foods is associated with survival in RTRs is unknown. Objectives: We aimed to study the association between high consumption of ultra-processed foods and all-cause mortality in stable RTRs. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study in adult RTRs with a stable graft. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated 177-item FFQ. Food items were categorized according to the NOVA classification system and the proportion ultra-processed foods comprised of total food weight per day was calculated. Results: We included 632 stable RTRs (mean ± SD age: 53.0 ± 12.7 y, 57% men). Mean ± SD consumption of ultra-processed foods was 721 ± 341 g/d (28% of total weight of food intake), whereas the intake of unprocessed and minimally processed foods, processed culinary ingredients, and processed foods accounted for 57%, 1%, and 14%, respectively. During median follow-up of 5.4 y [IQR: 4.9-6.0 y], 129 (20%) RTRs died. In Cox regression analyses, ultra-processed foods were associated with all-cause mortality (HR per doubling of percentage of total weight: 2.13; 95% CI: 1.46, 3.10; P < 0.001), independently of potential confounders. This association was independent from the quality of the overall dietary pattern, expressed by the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) or Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) score. When analyzing ultra-processed foods by groups, only sugar-sweetened beverages (HR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.39; P = 0.007), desserts (HR: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.49; P = 0.03), and processed meats (HR: 1.87; 95% CI: 1.22, 2.86; P = 0.004) were associated with all-cause mortality. Conclusions: Consumption of ultra-processed foods, in particular sugar-sweetened beverages, desserts, and processed meats, is associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality after renal transplantation, independently of low adherence to high-quality dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean diet and the DASH diet.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02811835. (© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society for Nutrition.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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