| Autor: |
Ashokan M; Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, Veterinary College, Hassan, KVAFSU, Karnataka, India., Jayanthi KV; Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, Veterinary College, Hassan, KVAFSU, Karnataka, India., Elango K; Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bangalore, India., Sneha K; Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, Veterinary College, Hassan, KVAFSU, Karnataka, India., Ramesha KP; Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bangalore, India., Reshma RS; Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bangalore, India., Saravanan KA; Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India., Naveen KGS; Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, Veterinary College, Hassan, KVAFSU, Karnataka, India. |
| Abstrakt: |
The central dogma of molecular biology is responsible for the crucial flow of genetic information from DNA to protein through the transcription and translation process. Although the sequence of DNA is constant in all organs, the difference in protein and variation in the phenotype is mainly due to the quality and quantity of tissue-specific gene expression and methylation pattern. The term methylation has been defined and redefined by various scientists in the last fifty years. There is always huge excitement around this field because the inheritance of something is beyond its DNA sequence. Advanced gene methylation studies have redefined molecular genetics and these tools are considered de novo in alleviating challenges of animal disease and production. Recent emerging evidence has shown that the impact of DNA, RNA, and protein methylation is crucial for embryonic development, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and phenotype production. Currently, many researchers are focusing their work on methylation to understand its significant role in expression, disease-resistant traits, productivity, and longevity. The main aim of the present review is to provide an overview of DNA, RNA, and protein methylation, current research output from different sources, methodologies, factors responsible for methylation of genes, and future prospects in animal genetics. |
