| Autor: |
El Gizawy HA; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza 12585, Egypt., El-Haddad AE; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza 12585, Egypt., Attia YM; Pharmacology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Kasr Al Eini Street, Fom El Khalig, Cairo 11796, Egypt., Fahim SA; Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University (NGU), Newgiza, km 22 Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road, Giza 12577, Egypt., Zafer MM; Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Giza 12566, Egypt., Saadeldeen AM; Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University (NGU), Newgiza, km 22 Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road, Giza 12577, Egypt. |
| Abstrakt: |
Reusing food waste is becoming popular in pharmaceutical industries. Watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus ) rind is commonly discarded as a major solid waste. Here, the in vitro cytotoxic potential of watermelon rind extracts was screened against a panel of human cancer cell lines. Cell cycle analysis was used to determine the induction of cell death, whereas annexin V-FITC binding, caspase-3, BAX, and BCL-2 mRNA expression levels were used to determine the degree of apoptosis. VEGF-promoting angiogenesis and cell migration were also evaluated. Moreover, the identification of phytoconstituents in the rind extract was achieved using UPLC/T-TOF-MS/MS, and a total of 45 bioactive compounds were detected, including phenolic acids, flavonoids aglycones, and their glycoside derivatives. The tested watermelon rind extracts suppressed cell proliferation in seven cancer cell lines in a concentration-dependent manner. The cytotoxicity of the rind aqueous extract (RAE) was higher compared with that of the other extracts. In addition to a substantial inhibitory effect on cell migration, the RAE triggered apoptosis in HCT116 and Hep2 cells by driving the accumulation of cells in the S phase and elevating the activity of caspase-3 and the BAX/BCL-2 ratio. Thus, a complete phytochemical and cytotoxic investigation of the Citrullus lanatus rind extract may identify its potential potency as an anticancer agent. |
