Organ dysfunction and death in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 in pandemic waves 1 to 3 in British Columbia, Ontario and Quebec, Canada: a cohort study.

Autor:	Lee T; Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences (T. Lee, Singer), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Division of Infectious Diseases (Cheng, Vinh, T.C. Lee), Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Internal Medicine (Tran), Vancouver General Hospital; University of British Columbia (Tran, Sweet, Patrick, Murthy), Vancouver, BC; Departments of Critical Care Medicine (Winston), Medicine (Winston) and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Winston), Foothills Medical Centre; University of Calgary (Winston), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Critical Care Medicine (Sweet), Vancouver General Hospital; Centre for Heart Lung Innovation (Boyd, Walley, Russell) and Division of Critical Care Medicine (Boyd, Walley, Russell), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Department of Medicine (Haljan), Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC; Mount Sinai Hospital (McGeer); University of Toronto (McGeer), Toronto, Ont.; Université de Sherbrooke (Lamontagne), Sherbrooke, Que.; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Fowler), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Critical Care (Maslove), Kingston General Hospital and Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control (Patrick), Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery (Marshall), St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Burns), Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; BC Children's Hospital (Murthy); Black Tusk Research Group (Mann, Hernandez, Donohoe, Rocheleau), Vancouver, BC., Cheng MP; Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences (T. Lee, Singer), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Division of Infectious Diseases (Cheng, Vinh, T.C. Lee), Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Internal Medicine (Tran), Vancouver General Hospital; University of British Columbia (Tran, Sweet, Patrick, Murthy), Vancouver, BC; Departments of Critical Care Medicine (Winston), Medicine (Winston) and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Winston), Foothills Medical Centre; University of Calgary (Winston), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Critical Care Medicine (Sweet), Vancouver General Hospital; Centre for Heart Lung Innovation (Boyd, Walley, Russell) and Division of Critical Care Medicine (Boyd, Walley, Russell), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Department of Medicine (Haljan), Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC; Mount Sinai Hospital (McGeer); University of Toronto (McGeer), Toronto, Ont.; Université de Sherbrooke (Lamontagne), Sherbrooke, Que.; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Fowler), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Critical Care (Maslove), Kingston General Hospital and Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control (Patrick), Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery (Marshall), St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Burns), Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; BC Children's Hospital (Murthy); Black Tusk Research Group (Mann, Hernandez, Donohoe, Rocheleau), Vancouver, BC., Vinh DC; Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences (T. Lee, Singer), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Division of Infectious Diseases (Cheng, Vinh, T.C. Lee), Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Internal Medicine (Tran), Vancouver General Hospital; University of British Columbia (Tran, Sweet, Patrick, Murthy), Vancouver, BC; Departments of Critical Care Medicine (Winston), Medicine (Winston) and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Winston), Foothills Medical Centre; University of Calgary (Winston), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Critical Care Medicine (Sweet), Vancouver General Hospital; Centre for Heart Lung Innovation (Boyd, Walley, Russell) and Division of Critical Care Medicine (Boyd, Walley, Russell), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Department of Medicine (Haljan), Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC; Mount Sinai Hospital (McGeer); University of Toronto (McGeer), Toronto, Ont.; Université de Sherbrooke (Lamontagne), Sherbrooke, Que.; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Fowler), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Critical Care (Maslove), Kingston General Hospital and Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control (Patrick), Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery (Marshall), St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Burns), Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; BC Children's Hospital (Murthy); Black Tusk Research Group (Mann, Hernandez, Donohoe, Rocheleau), Vancouver, BC., Lee TC; Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences (T. Lee, Singer), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Division of Infectious Diseases (Cheng, Vinh, T.C. Lee), Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Internal Medicine (Tran), Vancouver General Hospital; University of British Columbia (Tran, Sweet, Patrick, Murthy), Vancouver, BC; Departments of Critical Care Medicine (Winston), Medicine (Winston) and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Winston), Foothills Medical Centre; University of Calgary (Winston), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Critical Care Medicine (Sweet), Vancouver General Hospital; Centre for Heart Lung Innovation (Boyd, Walley, Russell) and Division of Critical Care Medicine (Boyd, Walley, Russell), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Department of Medicine (Haljan), Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC; Mount Sinai Hospital (McGeer); University of Toronto (McGeer), Toronto, Ont.; Université de Sherbrooke (Lamontagne), Sherbrooke, Que.; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Fowler), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Critical Care (Maslove), Kingston General Hospital and Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control (Patrick), Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery (Marshall), St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Burns), Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; BC Children's Hospital (Murthy); Black Tusk Research Group (Mann, Hernandez, Donohoe, Rocheleau), Vancouver, BC., Tran KC; Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences (T. Lee, Singer), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Division of Infectious Diseases (Cheng, Vinh, T.C. Lee), Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Internal Medicine (Tran), Vancouver General Hospital; University of British Columbia (Tran, Sweet, Patrick, Murthy), Vancouver, BC; Departments of Critical Care Medicine (Winston), Medicine (Winston) and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Winston), Foothills Medical Centre; University of Calgary (Winston), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Critical Care Medicine (Sweet), Vancouver General Hospital; Centre for Heart Lung Innovation (Boyd, Walley, Russell) and Division of Critical Care Medicine (Boyd, Walley, Russell), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Department of Medicine (Haljan), Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC; Mount Sinai Hospital (McGeer); University of Toronto (McGeer), Toronto, Ont.; Université de Sherbrooke (Lamontagne), Sherbrooke, Que.; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Fowler), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Critical Care (Maslove), Kingston General Hospital and Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control (Patrick), Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery (Marshall), St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Burns), Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; BC Children's Hospital (Murthy); Black Tusk Research Group (Mann, Hernandez, Donohoe, Rocheleau), Vancouver, BC., Winston BW; Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences (T. Lee, Singer), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Division of Infectious Diseases (Cheng, Vinh, T.C. Lee), Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Internal Medicine (Tran), Vancouver General Hospital; University of British Columbia (Tran, Sweet, Patrick, Murthy), Vancouver, BC; Departments of Critical Care Medicine (Winston), Medicine (Winston) and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Winston), Foothills Medical Centre; University of Calgary (Winston), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Critical Care Medicine (Sweet), Vancouver General Hospital; Centre for Heart Lung Innovation (Boyd, Walley, Russell) and Division of Critical Care Medicine (Boyd, Walley, Russell), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Department of Medicine (Haljan), Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC; Mount Sinai Hospital (McGeer); University of Toronto (McGeer), Toronto, Ont.; Université de Sherbrooke (Lamontagne), Sherbrooke, Que.; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Fowler), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Critical Care (Maslove), Kingston General Hospital and Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control (Patrick), Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery (Marshall), St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Burns), Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; BC Children's Hospital (Murthy); Black Tusk Research Group (Mann, Hernandez, Donohoe, Rocheleau), Vancouver, BC., Sweet D; Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences (T. Lee, Singer), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Division of Infectious Diseases (Cheng, Vinh, T.C. Lee), Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Internal Medicine (Tran), Vancouver General Hospital; University of British Columbia (Tran, Sweet, Patrick, Murthy), Vancouver, BC; Departments of Critical Care Medicine (Winston), Medicine (Winston) and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Winston), Foothills Medical Centre; University of Calgary (Winston), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Critical Care Medicine (Sweet), Vancouver General Hospital; Centre for Heart Lung Innovation (Boyd, Walley, Russell) and Division of Critical Care Medicine (Boyd, Walley, Russell), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Department of Medicine (Haljan), Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC; Mount Sinai Hospital (McGeer); University of Toronto (McGeer), Toronto, Ont.; Université de Sherbrooke (Lamontagne), Sherbrooke, Que.; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Fowler), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Critical Care (Maslove), Kingston General Hospital and Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control (Patrick), Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery (Marshall), St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Burns), Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; BC Children's Hospital (Murthy); Black Tusk Research Group (Mann, Hernandez, Donohoe, Rocheleau), Vancouver, BC., Boyd JH; Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences (T. Lee, Singer), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Division of Infectious Diseases (Cheng, Vinh, T.C. Lee), Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Internal Medicine (Tran), Vancouver General Hospital; University of British Columbia (Tran, Sweet, Patrick, Murthy), Vancouver, BC; Departments of Critical Care Medicine (Winston), Medicine (Winston) and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Winston), Foothills Medical Centre; University of Calgary (Winston), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Critical Care Medicine (Sweet), Vancouver General Hospital; Centre for Heart Lung Innovation (Boyd, Walley, Russell) and Division of Critical Care Medicine (Boyd, Walley, Russell), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Department of Medicine (Haljan), Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC; Mount Sinai Hospital (McGeer); University of Toronto (McGeer), Toronto, Ont.; Université de Sherbrooke (Lamontagne), Sherbrooke, Que.; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Fowler), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Critical Care (Maslove), Kingston General Hospital and Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control (Patrick), Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery (Marshall), St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Burns), Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; BC Children's Hospital (Murthy); Black Tusk Research Group (Mann, Hernandez, Donohoe, Rocheleau), Vancouver, BC., Walley KR; Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences (T. Lee, Singer), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Division of Infectious Diseases (Cheng, Vinh, T.C. Lee), Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Internal Medicine (Tran), Vancouver General Hospital; University of British Columbia (Tran, Sweet, Patrick, Murthy), Vancouver, BC; Departments of Critical Care Medicine (Winston), Medicine (Winston) and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Winston), Foothills Medical Centre; University of Calgary (Winston), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Critical Care Medicine (Sweet), Vancouver General Hospital; Centre for Heart Lung Innovation (Boyd, Walley, Russell) and Division of Critical Care Medicine (Boyd, Walley, Russell), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Department of Medicine (Haljan), Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC; Mount Sinai Hospital (McGeer); University of Toronto (McGeer), Toronto, Ont.; Université de Sherbrooke (Lamontagne), Sherbrooke, Que.; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Fowler), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Critical Care (Maslove), Kingston General Hospital and Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control (Patrick), Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery (Marshall), St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Burns), Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; BC Children's Hospital (Murthy); Black Tusk Research Group (Mann, Hernandez, Donohoe, Rocheleau), Vancouver, BC., Haljan G; Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences (T. Lee, Singer), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Division of Infectious Diseases (Cheng, Vinh, T.C. Lee), Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Internal Medicine (Tran), Vancouver General Hospital; University of British Columbia (Tran, Sweet, Patrick, Murthy), Vancouver, BC; Departments of Critical Care Medicine (Winston), Medicine (Winston) and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Winston), Foothills Medical Centre; University of Calgary (Winston), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Critical Care Medicine (Sweet), Vancouver General Hospital; Centre for Heart Lung Innovation (Boyd, Walley, Russell) and Division of Critical Care Medicine (Boyd, Walley, Russell), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Department of Medicine (Haljan), Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC; Mount Sinai Hospital (McGeer); University of Toronto (McGeer), Toronto, Ont.; Université de Sherbrooke (Lamontagne), Sherbrooke, Que.; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Fowler), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Critical Care (Maslove), Kingston General Hospital and Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control (Patrick), Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery (Marshall), St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Burns), Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; BC Children's Hospital (Murthy); Black Tusk Research Group (Mann, Hernandez, Donohoe, Rocheleau), Vancouver, BC., McGeer A; Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences (T. Lee, Singer), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Division of Infectious Diseases (Cheng, Vinh, T.C. Lee), Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Internal Medicine (Tran), Vancouver General Hospital; University of British Columbia (Tran, Sweet, Patrick, Murthy), Vancouver, BC; Departments of Critical Care Medicine (Winston), Medicine (Winston) and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Winston), Foothills Medical Centre; University of Calgary (Winston), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Critical Care Medicine (Sweet), Vancouver General Hospital; Centre for Heart Lung Innovation (Boyd, Walley, Russell) and Division of Critical Care Medicine (Boyd, Walley, Russell), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Department of Medicine (Haljan), Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC; Mount Sinai Hospital (McGeer); University of Toronto (McGeer), Toronto, Ont.; Université de Sherbrooke (Lamontagne), Sherbrooke, Que.; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Fowler), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Critical Care (Maslove), Kingston General Hospital and Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control (Patrick), Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery (Marshall), St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Burns), Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; BC Children's Hospital (Murthy); Black Tusk Research Group (Mann, Hernandez, Donohoe, Rocheleau), Vancouver, BC., Lamontagne F; Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences (T. Lee, Singer), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Division of Infectious Diseases (Cheng, Vinh, T.C. Lee), Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Internal Medicine (Tran), Vancouver General Hospital; University of British Columbia (Tran, Sweet, Patrick, Murthy), Vancouver, BC; Departments of Critical Care Medicine (Winston), Medicine (Winston) and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Winston), Foothills Medical Centre; University of Calgary (Winston), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Critical Care Medicine (Sweet), Vancouver General Hospital; Centre for Heart Lung Innovation (Boyd, Walley, Russell) and Division of Critical Care Medicine (Boyd, Walley, Russell), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Department of Medicine (Haljan), Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC; Mount Sinai Hospital (McGeer); University of Toronto (McGeer), Toronto, Ont.; Université de Sherbrooke (Lamontagne), Sherbrooke, Que.; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Fowler), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Critical Care (Maslove), Kingston General Hospital and Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control (Patrick), Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery (Marshall), St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Burns), Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; BC Children's Hospital (Murthy); Black Tusk Research Group (Mann, Hernandez, Donohoe, Rocheleau), Vancouver, BC., Fowler R; Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences (T. Lee, Singer), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Division of Infectious Diseases (Cheng, Vinh, T.C. Lee), Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Internal Medicine (Tran), Vancouver General Hospital; University of British Columbia (Tran, Sweet, Patrick, Murthy), Vancouver, BC; Departments of Critical Care Medicine (Winston), Medicine (Winston) and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Winston), Foothills Medical Centre; University of Calgary (Winston), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Critical Care Medicine (Sweet), Vancouver General Hospital; Centre for Heart Lung Innovation (Boyd, Walley, Russell) and Division of Critical Care Medicine (Boyd, Walley, Russell), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Department of Medicine (Haljan), Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC; Mount Sinai Hospital (McGeer); University of Toronto (McGeer), Toronto, Ont.; Université de Sherbrooke (Lamontagne), Sherbrooke, Que.; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Fowler), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Critical Care (Maslove), Kingston General Hospital and Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control (Patrick), Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery (Marshall), St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Burns), Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; BC Children's Hospital (Murthy); Black Tusk Research Group (Mann, Hernandez, Donohoe, Rocheleau), Vancouver, BC., Maslove D; Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences (T. Lee, Singer), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Division of Infectious Diseases (Cheng, Vinh, T.C. Lee), Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Internal Medicine (Tran), Vancouver General Hospital; University of British Columbia (Tran, Sweet, Patrick, Murthy), Vancouver, BC; Departments of Critical Care Medicine (Winston), Medicine (Winston) and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Winston), Foothills Medical Centre; University of Calgary (Winston), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Critical Care Medicine (Sweet), Vancouver General Hospital; Centre for Heart Lung Innovation (Boyd, Walley, Russell) and Division of Critical Care Medicine (Boyd, Walley, Russell), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Department of Medicine (Haljan), Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC; Mount Sinai Hospital (McGeer); University of Toronto (McGeer), Toronto, Ont.; Université de Sherbrooke (Lamontagne), Sherbrooke, Que.; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Fowler), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Critical Care (Maslove), Kingston General Hospital and Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control (Patrick), Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery (Marshall), St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Burns), Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; BC Children's Hospital (Murthy); Black Tusk Research Group (Mann, Hernandez, Donohoe, Rocheleau), Vancouver, BC., Singer J; Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences (T. Lee, Singer), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Division of Infectious Diseases (Cheng, Vinh, T.C. Lee), Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Internal Medicine (Tran), Vancouver General Hospital; University of British Columbia (Tran, Sweet, Patrick, Murthy), Vancouver, BC; Departments of Critical Care Medicine (Winston), Medicine (Winston) and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Winston), Foothills Medical Centre; University of Calgary (Winston), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Critical Care Medicine (Sweet), Vancouver General Hospital; Centre for Heart Lung Innovation (Boyd, Walley, Russell) and Division of Critical Care Medicine (Boyd, Walley, Russell), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Department of Medicine (Haljan), Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC; Mount Sinai Hospital (McGeer); University of Toronto (McGeer), Toronto, Ont.; Université de Sherbrooke (Lamontagne), Sherbrooke, Que.; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Fowler), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Critical Care (Maslove), Kingston General Hospital and Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control (Patrick), Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery (Marshall), St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Burns), Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; BC Children's Hospital (Murthy); Black Tusk Research Group (Mann, Hernandez, Donohoe, Rocheleau), Vancouver, BC., Patrick DM; Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences (T. Lee, Singer), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Division of Infectious Diseases (Cheng, Vinh, T.C. Lee), Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Internal Medicine (Tran), Vancouver General Hospital; University of British Columbia (Tran, Sweet, Patrick, Murthy), Vancouver, BC; Departments of Critical Care Medicine (Winston), Medicine (Winston) and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Winston), Foothills Medical Centre; University of Calgary (Winston), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Critical Care Medicine (Sweet), Vancouver General Hospital; Centre for Heart Lung Innovation (Boyd, Walley, Russell) and Division of Critical Care Medicine (Boyd, Walley, Russell), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Department of Medicine (Haljan), Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC; Mount Sinai Hospital (McGeer); University of Toronto (McGeer), Toronto, Ont.; Université de Sherbrooke (Lamontagne), Sherbrooke, Que.; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Fowler), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Critical Care (Maslove), Kingston General Hospital and Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control (Patrick), Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery (Marshall), St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Burns), Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; BC Children's Hospital (Murthy); Black Tusk Research Group (Mann, Hernandez, Donohoe, Rocheleau), Vancouver, BC., Marshall JC; Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences (T. Lee, Singer), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Division of Infectious Diseases (Cheng, Vinh, T.C. Lee), Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Internal Medicine (Tran), Vancouver General Hospital; University of British Columbia (Tran, Sweet, Patrick, Murthy), Vancouver, BC; Departments of Critical Care Medicine (Winston), Medicine (Winston) and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Winston), Foothills Medical Centre; University of Calgary (Winston), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Critical Care Medicine (Sweet), Vancouver General Hospital; Centre for Heart Lung Innovation (Boyd, Walley, Russell) and Division of Critical Care Medicine (Boyd, Walley, Russell), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Department of Medicine (Haljan), Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC; Mount Sinai Hospital (McGeer); University of Toronto (McGeer), Toronto, Ont.; Université de Sherbrooke (Lamontagne), Sherbrooke, Que.; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Fowler), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Critical Care (Maslove), Kingston General Hospital and Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control (Patrick), Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery (Marshall), St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Burns), Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; BC Children's Hospital (Murthy); Black Tusk Research Group (Mann, Hernandez, Donohoe, Rocheleau), Vancouver, BC., Burns KD; Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences (T. Lee, Singer), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Division of Infectious Diseases (Cheng, Vinh, T.C. Lee), Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Internal Medicine (Tran), Vancouver General Hospital; University of British Columbia (Tran, Sweet, Patrick, Murthy), Vancouver, BC; Departments of Critical Care Medicine (Winston), Medicine (Winston) and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Winston), Foothills Medical Centre; University of Calgary (Winston), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Critical Care Medicine (Sweet), Vancouver General Hospital; Centre for Heart Lung Innovation (Boyd, Walley, Russell) and Division of Critical Care Medicine (Boyd, Walley, Russell), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Department of Medicine (Haljan), Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC; Mount Sinai Hospital (McGeer); University of Toronto (McGeer), Toronto, Ont.; Université de Sherbrooke (Lamontagne), Sherbrooke, Que.; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Fowler), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Critical Care (Maslove), Kingston General Hospital and Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control (Patrick), Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery (Marshall), St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Burns), Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; BC Children's Hospital (Murthy); Black Tusk Research Group (Mann, Hernandez, Donohoe, Rocheleau), Vancouver, BC., Murthy S; Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences (T. Lee, Singer), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Division of Infectious Diseases (Cheng, Vinh, T.C. Lee), Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Internal Medicine (Tran), Vancouver General Hospital; University of British Columbia (Tran, Sweet, Patrick, Murthy), Vancouver, BC; Departments of Critical Care Medicine (Winston), Medicine (Winston) and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Winston), Foothills Medical Centre; University of Calgary (Winston), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Critical Care Medicine (Sweet), Vancouver General Hospital; Centre for Heart Lung Innovation (Boyd, Walley, Russell) and Division of Critical Care Medicine (Boyd, Walley, Russell), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Department of Medicine (Haljan), Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC; Mount Sinai Hospital (McGeer); University of Toronto (McGeer), Toronto, Ont.; Université de Sherbrooke (Lamontagne), Sherbrooke, Que.; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Fowler), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Critical Care (Maslove), Kingston General Hospital and Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control (Patrick), Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery (Marshall), St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Burns), Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; BC Children's Hospital (Murthy); Black Tusk Research Group (Mann, Hernandez, Donohoe, Rocheleau), Vancouver, BC., Mann PK; Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences (T. Lee, Singer), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Division of Infectious Diseases (Cheng, Vinh, T.C. Lee), Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Internal Medicine (Tran), Vancouver General Hospital; University of British Columbia (Tran, Sweet, Patrick, Murthy), Vancouver, BC; Departments of Critical Care Medicine (Winston), Medicine (Winston) and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Winston), Foothills Medical Centre; University of Calgary (Winston), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Critical Care Medicine (Sweet), Vancouver General Hospital; Centre for Heart Lung Innovation (Boyd, Walley, Russell) and Division of Critical Care Medicine (Boyd, Walley, Russell), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Department of Medicine (Haljan), Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC; Mount Sinai Hospital (McGeer); University of Toronto (McGeer), Toronto, Ont.; Université de Sherbrooke (Lamontagne), Sherbrooke, Que.; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Fowler), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Critical Care (Maslove), Kingston General Hospital and Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control (Patrick), Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery (Marshall), St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Burns), Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; BC Children's Hospital (Murthy); Black Tusk Research Group (Mann, Hernandez, Donohoe, Rocheleau), Vancouver, BC., Hernandez G; Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences (T. Lee, Singer), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Division of Infectious Diseases (Cheng, Vinh, T.C. Lee), Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Internal Medicine (Tran), Vancouver General Hospital; University of British Columbia (Tran, Sweet, Patrick, Murthy), Vancouver, BC; Departments of Critical Care Medicine (Winston), Medicine (Winston) and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Winston), Foothills Medical Centre; University of Calgary (Winston), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Critical Care Medicine (Sweet), Vancouver General Hospital; Centre for Heart Lung Innovation (Boyd, Walley, Russell) and Division of Critical Care Medicine (Boyd, Walley, Russell), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Department of Medicine (Haljan), Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC; Mount Sinai Hospital (McGeer); University of Toronto (McGeer), Toronto, Ont.; Université de Sherbrooke (Lamontagne), Sherbrooke, Que.; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Fowler), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Critical Care (Maslove), Kingston General Hospital and Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control (Patrick), Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery (Marshall), St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Burns), Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; BC Children's Hospital (Murthy); Black Tusk Research Group (Mann, Hernandez, Donohoe, Rocheleau), Vancouver, BC., Donohoe K; Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences (T. Lee, Singer), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Division of Infectious Diseases (Cheng, Vinh, T.C. Lee), Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Internal Medicine (Tran), Vancouver General Hospital; University of British Columbia (Tran, Sweet, Patrick, Murthy), Vancouver, BC; Departments of Critical Care Medicine (Winston), Medicine (Winston) and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Winston), Foothills Medical Centre; University of Calgary (Winston), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Critical Care Medicine (Sweet), Vancouver General Hospital; Centre for Heart Lung Innovation (Boyd, Walley, Russell) and Division of Critical Care Medicine (Boyd, Walley, Russell), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Department of Medicine (Haljan), Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC; Mount Sinai Hospital (McGeer); University of Toronto (McGeer), Toronto, Ont.; Université de Sherbrooke (Lamontagne), Sherbrooke, Que.; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Fowler), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Critical Care (Maslove), Kingston General Hospital and Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control (Patrick), Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery (Marshall), St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Burns), Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; BC Children's Hospital (Murthy); Black Tusk Research Group (Mann, Hernandez, Donohoe, Rocheleau), Vancouver, BC., Rocheleau G; Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences (T. Lee, Singer), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Division of Infectious Diseases (Cheng, Vinh, T.C. Lee), Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Internal Medicine (Tran), Vancouver General Hospital; University of British Columbia (Tran, Sweet, Patrick, Murthy), Vancouver, BC; Departments of Critical Care Medicine (Winston), Medicine (Winston) and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Winston), Foothills Medical Centre; University of Calgary (Winston), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Critical Care Medicine (Sweet), Vancouver General Hospital; Centre for Heart Lung Innovation (Boyd, Walley, Russell) and Division of Critical Care Medicine (Boyd, Walley, Russell), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Department of Medicine (Haljan), Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC; Mount Sinai Hospital (McGeer); University of Toronto (McGeer), Toronto, Ont.; Université de Sherbrooke (Lamontagne), Sherbrooke, Que.; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Fowler), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Critical Care (Maslove), Kingston General Hospital and Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control (Patrick), Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery (Marshall), St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Burns), Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; BC Children's Hospital (Murthy); Black Tusk Research Group (Mann, Hernandez, Donohoe, Rocheleau), Vancouver, BC., Russell JA; Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences (T. Lee, Singer), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Division of Infectious Diseases (Cheng, Vinh, T.C. Lee), Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Que.; Division of General Internal Medicine (Tran), Vancouver General Hospital; University of British Columbia (Tran, Sweet, Patrick, Murthy), Vancouver, BC; Departments of Critical Care Medicine (Winston), Medicine (Winston) and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Winston), Foothills Medical Centre; University of Calgary (Winston), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Critical Care Medicine (Sweet), Vancouver General Hospital; Centre for Heart Lung Innovation (Boyd, Walley, Russell) and Division of Critical Care Medicine (Boyd, Walley, Russell), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; Department of Medicine (Haljan), Surrey Memorial Hospital, Surrey, BC; Mount Sinai Hospital (McGeer); University of Toronto (McGeer), Toronto, Ont.; Université de Sherbrooke (Lamontagne), Sherbrooke, Que.; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Fowler), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Critical Care (Maslove), Kingston General Hospital and Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.; British Columbia Centre for Disease Control (Patrick), Vancouver, BC; Department of Surgery (Marshall), St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Burns), Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; BC Children's Hospital (Murthy); Black Tusk Research Group (Mann, Hernandez, Donohoe, Rocheleau), Vancouver, BC Jim.Russell@hli.ubc.ca.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	CMAJ open [CMAJ Open] 2022 Apr 19; Vol. 10 (2), pp. E379-E389. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Apr 19 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI:	10.9778/cmajo.20210216
Abstrakt:	Background: There have been multiple waves in the COVID-19 pandemic in many countries. We sought to compare mortality and respiratory, cardiovascular and renal dysfunction between waves in 3 Canadian provinces. Methods: We conducted a substudy of the ARBs CORONA I study, a multicentre Canadian pragmatic observational cohort study that examined the association of pre-existing use of angiotensin receptor blockers with outcomes in adults admitted to hospital with acute COVID-19 up to April 2021 from 9 community and teaching hospitals in 3 Canadian provinces (British Columbia, Ontario and Quebec). We excluded emergency department admissions without hospital admission, readmissions and admissions for another reason. We used logistic and 0-1-inflated β regression models to compare 28-day and in-hospital mortality, and the use of invasive mechanical ventilation, vasopressors and renal replacement therapy (RRT) between the first 3 waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in these provinces. Results: A total of 520, 572 and 245 patients in waves 1, 2 and 3, respectively, were included. Patients in wave 3 were on average younger and had fewer comorbidities than those in waves 1 and 2. The unadjusted 28-day mortality rate was significantly lower in wave 3 (7.8%) than in wave 1 (18.3%) (odds ratio [OR] 0.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.24-0.78) and wave 2 (16.3%) (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.27-0.79). After adjustment for differences in baseline characteristics, the difference in 28-day mortality remained significant (adjusted OR wave 3 v. wave 1: 0.46, 95% CI 0.26-0.81; wave 3 v. wave 2: 0.52, 95% CI 0.29-0.91). In-hospital mortality findings were similar. Use of invasive mechanical ventilation or vasopressors was less common in waves 2 and 3 than in wave 1, and use of RRT was less common in wave 3 than in wave 1. Interpretation: Severity of illness decreased (lower mortality and less use of organ support) across waves among patients admitted to hospital with acute COVID-19, possibly owing to changes in patient demographic characteristics and management, such as increased use of dexamethasone. Continued application of proven therapies may further improve outcomes. Study Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, no. NCT04510623. Competing Interests: Competing interests: James Russell reports an investigator-initiated grant from Grifols that was provided to and administered by the University of British Columbia (UBC). He reports patents owned by UBC that are related to the use of PCSK9 inhibitor(s) in sepsis and the use of vasopressin in septic shock, and a patent owned by Ferring Pharmaceuticals for use of selepressin in septic shock. He is an inventor on these patents. He was a founder, director and shareholder in Cyon Therapeutics and is a shareholder in Molecular You. He reports consulting fees from SIB Therapeutics (developing a sepsis drug) and Ferring Pharmaceuticals (manufactures vasopressin and developing selepressin). He is no longer actively consulting for any industry. He was a nonfunded science advisor and member of the Government of Canada COVID-19 Therapeutics Task Force (June 2020–December 2021) and a nonfunded member of the data and safety monitoring board of a trial of plasma in COVID-19 (PassITON) (2020–2021) sponsored by the National Institutes of Health. No other competing interests were declared. (© 2022 CMA Impact Inc. or its licensors.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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