| Autor: |
Zijenah LS; Immunology Unit, Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Investigative Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe., Bandason T; Biomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare, Zimbabwe., Bara W; Ministry of Health and Child Care, Harare, Zimbabwe., Chipiti MM; Immunology Unit, Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Investigative Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe., Katzenstein DA; Biomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare, Zimbabwe. |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Zdroj: |
AIDS patient care and STDs [AIDS Patient Care STDS] 2022 Apr; Vol. 36 (4), pp. 145-152. |
| DOI: |
10.1089/apc.2021.0217 |
| Abstrakt: |
We conducted a 24 - month prospective follow-up study, at a primary health care clinic in Harare, Zimbabwe, to determine cumulative mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 (MTCT) rate and the contributions of intrauterine (IU), intrapartum (IP), and postpartum (PP) to MTCT, as well as maternal and infant mortality rates in the era of Option B + combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Plasma for viral load (VL) quantitation was obtained from 475 mothers enrolled into the study. VL was quantified at enrolment and every 6 months thereafter up to 24 months using the Cepheid GeneXpert HIV-1 Quantitative test. Dried blood spots were collected from 453 infants at birth, 4-6 weeks, 3 months, and every 3 months thereafter up to 24 months. HIV-1 infant diagnosis was conducted using the Cepheid GeneXpert HIV-1 Qualitative test. Absolute, cumulative MTCT rates and mortality rate were calculated. Seven mothers (1.55%) transmitted HIV-1 infection to their infants by 24 months. Four infants (0.88%; 95% CI 0.26-2.33%), one infant (0.22%; 95% CI 0-1.4%), and two infants (0.44%; 95% CI 0.01-1.7%) were infected IU, IP, and PP, respectively. By 24 months, 88.94% of the mothers and 80% of the infants had undetectable VL. The maternal and infant mortality rates were 0.21% and 1.78%, respectively. In the first 24 months of life, IU transmission is the major route of MTCT. The cumulative MTCT rate of 1.55% and low maternal and infant mortality rates of 0.21% and 1.78%, respectively, contribute to growing evidence that Option B + cART not only drastically reduces MTCT but also maternal and infant mortality. |
| Databáze: |
MEDLINE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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