Docosahexaenoic and Eicosapentaenoic Intervention Modifies Plasma and Erythrocyte Omega-3 Fatty Acid Profiles But Not the Clinical Course of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Randomized Control Trial.

Autor:	de la Torre-Aguilar MJ; Pediatric Research and Metabolism Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimónides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain., Gomez-Fernandez A; Pediatric Research and Metabolism Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimónides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain., Flores-Rojas K; Pediatric Research and Metabolism Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimónides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain., Martin-Borreguero P; Department of Child and Adolescent Clinical Psychiatry and Psychology, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimónides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain., Mesa MD; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II University of Granada, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, Granada, Spain.; Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology 'José Mataix,' University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de la Salud, Granada, Spain., Perez-Navero JL; Pediatric Research and Metabolism Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimónides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.; CIBERER (Ciber Rare Diseases), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain., Olivares M; Biosearch Life, Granada, Spain., Gil A; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II University of Granada, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, Granada, Spain.; Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology 'José Mataix,' University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de la Salud, Granada, Spain.; CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain., Gil-Campos M; Pediatric Research and Metabolism Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimónides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.; CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in nutrition [Front Nutr] 2022 Mar 29; Vol. 9, pp. 790250. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Mar 29 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI:	10.3389/fnut.2022.790250
Abstrakt:	Background: The pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is under investigation and one of the main alterations relates to the metabolic and inflammatory system dysfunctions. Indeed, based on a possible deficit of omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) of patients with ASD and looking for an anti-inflammatory effect, dietary supplements with omega-3 fatty acids have been proposed. We aimed to evaluate differences in plasma and erythrocyte FA profiles and plasma cytokines in patients with infantile ASD after supplementation with docosahexaenoic (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA) acids or placebo and both compared at baseline with a reference healthy group. Methods: A double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled intervention with DHA/EPA for 6 months was carried out in 54 children between 2 and 6 years diagnosed with ASD. They were selected and randomly assigned into two groups: 19 children received 800 mg/day of DHA and 25 mg/day of EPA, or placebo. In addition, another reference group of 59 healthy children of the same age was included. Plasma lipids and cytokines, and FA profiles in plasma and erythrocytes were measured at baseline and after 6 months of treatment in ASD children, and at baseline in the reference group. Results: There were no differences in demographic, anthropometric characteristics, and omega-3 intake between the healthy reference group and the ASD children at baseline. Children with ASD showed the higher plasma percentages of palmitic acid and total saturated FA and lower total omega-6 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) compared with healthy children. An increased level of DHA and reduced EPA level in erythrocytes were detected in the ASD group vs. the reference group. After 6 months of treatment, the ASD group that received DHA enriched product significantly increased the plasma and erythrocyte percentages of DHA, but no differences were observed in the clinical test scores and other parameters as plasma cytokines between the two groups of ASD related to the intervention. Conclusion: Spanish children with ASD exhibit an appropriate omega-3 FA status in plasma and erythrocytes. Neither a clinical improvement of ASD children nor a better anti-inflammatory or fatty acid state has been found after an intervention with DHA/EPA for 6 months. So, the prescription of n-3 LC-PUFA and other dietary supplements in ASD should be only indicated after a confirmed alteration of FA metabolism or omega-3 LC-PUFA deficiency evaluated by specific erythrocyte FA. Clinical Trial Registration: [www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [NCT03620097]. Competing Interests: MO was a worker of Biosearch Life, a company that marketed the placebo and the nutritional supplement, EUPOLY-3 DHA® Infant, following the regulations of the European Union. These supplements were provided free of charge by Biosearch SA (Granada, Spain). The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2022 de la Torre-Aguilar, Gomez-Fernandez, Flores-Rojas, Martin-Borreguero, Mesa, Perez-Navero, Olivares, Gil and Gil-Campos.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
Externí odkaz:	Zobrazit plný text záznamu