| Autor: |
Aljazzar A; Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Hofuf 31982, Saudi Arabia., Abd El-Hamid MI; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt., El-Malt RMS; Department of Bacteriology, Zagazig Branch, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Zagazig 44516, Egypt., El-Gharreb WR; Department of Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Hofuf 31982, Saudi Arabia.; Food Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt., Abdel-Raheem SM; Department of Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Hofuf 31982, Saudi Arabia.; Department of Animal Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt., Ibrahim AM; Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Hofuf 31982, Saudi Arabia.; Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt., Abdelaziz AM; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Veterinary Educational Hospital, Zagazig 44511, Egypt.; Department of Avian Diseases, El-Ahsaa Veterinary Laboratory, Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture, P.O. Box 400, El-Ahsaa 31982, Saudi Arabia., Ibrahim D; Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt. |
| Abstrakt: |
Campylobacter species (spp.) are one of the most important causes of human bacterial gastroenteritis in foods of animal origin. Recently, with the spread of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Campylobacter spp., natural alternative therapeutic methods are urgently required. Phytogenic active principles have gained considerable attention due to their proficiency to enhance gut health and, thereby, performance of broiler chickens. Thus, the current study aims to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter spp. of different chicken sources in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt, and to assess the growth-promoting, immunostimulant and antimicrobial effects of a mixture of eugenol and trans-cinnamaldehyde in an in vivo approach. A total of 101 (67.3%) campylobacter isolates was identified, according to both phenotypic and genotypic techniques. Moreover, all of the campylobacter isolates were resistant to erythromycin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and ampicillin (100% each). Of note, a dietary supplementation of the mixture of eugenol and trans-cinnamaldehyde led to a significant improvement of the feed conversion ratio and body weight gain and a decrease in the cecal C. jejuni loads in the broilers challenged with XDR C. jejuni . Additionally, eugenol and the trans-cinnamaldehyde mixture had protective activities via the down-regulation of XDR C. jejuni ( flaA , virB11 and wlaN ) virulence genes and proinflammatory cytokines ( TNF-α , IL -2, IL-6 , and IL-8 ), and the up-regulation of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 . Thus, we recommend the usage of a mixture of eugenol and trans-cinnamaldehyde as an alternative to antimicrobials for the control and treatment of campylobacter infections. |
