Ancient genomes reveal origin and rapid trans-Eurasian migration of 7 th century Avar elites.

Autor:	Gnecchi-Ruscone GA; Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany. Electronic address: guido_gnecchi@eva.mpg.de., Szécsényi-Nagy A; Institute of Archaeogenomics, Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 1097 Budapest, Hungary., Koncz I; Institute of Archaeological Sciences, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary., Csiky G; Institute of Archaeology, Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 1097 Budapest, Hungary., Rácz Z; Institute of Archaeological Sciences, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary., Rohrlach AB; Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; ARC Centre of Excellence for Mathematical and Statistical Frontiers, School of Mathematical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia., Brandt G; Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany., Rohland N; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA., Csáky V; Institute of Archaeogenomics, Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 1097 Budapest, Hungary., Cheronet O; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria., Szeifert B; Institute of Archaeogenomics, Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 1097 Budapest, Hungary., Rácz TÁ; Ferenczy Museum Center, 2000 Szentendre, Hungary., Benedek A; Móra Ferenc Museum, 6720 Szeged, Hungary., Bernert Z; Hungarian National Museum, 1113 Budapest, Hungary., Berta N; Salisbury Ltd., 1016 Budapest, Hungary., Czifra S; Hungarian National Museum, 1113 Budapest, Hungary., Dani J; Déri Museum, 4026 Debrecen, Hungary., Farkas Z; Salisbury Ltd., 1016 Budapest, Hungary., Hága T; Déri Museum, 4026 Debrecen, Hungary., Hajdu T; Dept. of Biological Anthropology, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), 1117 Budapest, Hungary., Jászberényi M; Ferenczy Museum Center, 2000 Szentendre, Hungary., Kisjuhász V; Aquincum Museum and Archaeological Park, 1031 Budapest, Hungary., Kolozsi B; Déri Museum, 4026 Debrecen, Hungary., Major P; Salisbury Ltd., 1016 Budapest, Hungary., Marcsik A; Dept. of Biological Anthropology, Szeged University, 6701 Szeged, Hungary., Kovacsóczy BN; Katona József Museum, 6000 Kecskemét, Hungary., Balogh C; Department of Art History, Istanbul Medeniyet University, 34720 Istanbul, Turkey., Lezsák GM; Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 1097 Budapest, Hungary., Ódor JG; Wosinsky Mór Museum, 7100 Szekszárd, Hungary., Szelekovszky M; Déri Museum, 4026 Debrecen, Hungary., Szeniczey T; Dept. of Biological Anthropology, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), 1117 Budapest, Hungary., Tárnoki J; Damjanich Museum, 5000 Szolnok, Hungary., Tóth Z; Dobó István Museum, 3300 Eger, Hungary., Tutkovics EK; Rétközi Múzeum, 4600 Kisvárda, Hungary., Mende BG; Institute of Archaeogenomics, Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 1097 Budapest, Hungary., Geary P; Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA., Pohl W; Institute for Medieval Research, Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1020 Vienna, Austria; Institute of Austrian Historical Research, University of Vienna, 1010 Vienna, Austria., Vida T; Institute of Archaeological Sciences, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1088 Budapest, Hungary., Pinhasi R; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria., Reich D; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA., Hofmanová Z; Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Department of Archaeology and Museology, Faculty of Arts, Masaryk University, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic., Jeong C; School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, 08826 Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: cwjeong@snu.ac.kr., Krause J; Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany. Electronic address: krause@eva.mpg.de.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Cell [Cell] 2022 Apr 14; Vol. 185 (8), pp. 1402-1413.e21. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Apr 01.
DOI:	10.1016/j.cell.2022.03.007
Abstrakt:	The Avars settled the Carpathian Basin in 567/68 CE, establishing an empire lasting over 200 years. Who they were and where they came from is highly debated. Contemporaries have disagreed about whether they were, as they claimed, the direct successors of the Mongolian Steppe Rouran empire that was destroyed by the Turks in ∼550 CE. Here, we analyze new genome-wide data from 66 pre-Avar and Avar-period Carpathian Basin individuals, including the 8 richest Avar-period burials and further elite sites from Avar's empire core region. Our results provide support for a rapid long-distance trans-Eurasian migration of Avar-period elites. These individuals carried Northeast Asian ancestry matching the profile of preceding Mongolian Steppe populations, particularly a genome available from the Rouran period. Some of the later elite individuals carried an additional non-local ancestry component broadly matching the steppe, which could point to a later migration or reflect greater genetic diversity within the initial migrant population. Competing Interests: Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests. (Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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