Neurological soft signs and brain morphology in people living with HIV.

Autor: Herold CJ; Section of Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of General Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. christina-j.herold@med.uni-heidelberg.de., Kong L; Department of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China. likong@shnu.edu.cn., Ceballos ME; Department of Infectious Diseases, Medicine School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile., Schröder J; Section of Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of General Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany., Toro P; Department of Psychiatry, Medicine School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of neurovirology [J Neurovirol] 2022 Apr; Vol. 28 (2), pp. 236-247. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Mar 29.
DOI: 10.1007/s13365-022-01071-6
Abstrakt: Neurological soft signs (NSS) are a common feature of severe psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia but are also prevalent in organic brain diseases like HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) or Alzheimer's disease. While distinct associations between NSS, neurocognition, and cerebral regions were demonstrated in schizophrenia, these associations still have to be elucidated in HIV. Therefore, we investigated 36 persons with HIV of whom 16 were neurocognitively healthy and 20 were diagnosed with HAND. NSS were assessed using the Heidelberg scale. NSS scores were correlated with gray matter (GM) using whole brain voxel-based morphometry. Results showed significantly elevated NSS in the HAND group when compared to the neurocognitively healthy with respect to NSS total score and the subscores "orientation" and "complex motor tasks". While the two groups showed only minor, non-significant GM differences, higher NSS scores (subscales "motor coordination", "orientation") were significantly correlated with GM reduction in the right insula and cerebellum (FWE-corrected). Our results corroborate elevated NSS in HIV+ patients with HAND in contrast to cognitively unimpaired patients. In addition, cerebral correlates of NSS with GM reductions in insula and cerebellum were revealed. Taken together, NSS in this patient group could be considered a marker of cerebral damage and neurocognitive deficits.
(© 2022. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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