DNA in extracellular vesicles: from evolution to its current application in health and disease.

Autor: Ghanam J; Department of Pediatrics III, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany., Chetty VK; Department of Pediatrics III, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany., Barthel L; Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, University Hospital Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany.; Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, University Hospital Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany., Reinhardt D; Department of Pediatrics III, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany., Hoyer PF; Department of Pediatrics II, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany., Thakur BK; Department of Pediatrics III, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany. basant-kumar.thakur@uk-essen.de.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Cell & bioscience [Cell Biosci] 2022 Mar 28; Vol. 12 (1), pp. 37. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Mar 28.
DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00771-0
Abstrakt: Extracellular vesicle (EV) secretion is a highly conserved evolutionary trait in all organisms in the three domains of life. The packaging and release of EVs appears to be a bulk-flow process which takes place mainly under extreme conditions. EVs participate in horizontal gene transfer, which supports the survival of prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbes. In higher eukaryotes, almost all cells secrete a heterogeneous population of EVs loaded with various biomolecules. EV secretion is typically higher in cancer microenvironments, promoting tumor progression and metastasis. EVs are now recognized as additional mediators of autocrine and paracrine communication in health and disease. In this context, proteins and RNAs have been studied the most, but extracellular vesicle DNA (EV-DNA) has started to gain in importance in the last few years. In this review, we summarize new findings related to the loading mechanism(s), localization, and post-shedding function of EV-DNA. We also discuss the feasibility of using EV-DNA as a biomarker when performing a liquid biopsy, at the same time emphasizing the lack of data from clinical trials in this regard. Finally, we outline the potential of EV-DNA uptake and its interaction with the host genome as a promising tool for understanding the mechanisms of cancer evolution.
(© 2022. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz:
Nepřihlášeným uživatelům se plný text nezobrazuje