The effect of immunization with inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CoronaVac) and/or SARS-CoV-2 infection on antibody levels, plasmablasts, long-lived-plasma-cells, and IFN-γ release by natural killer cells.

Autor: Bilgin H; Marmara University, School of Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: huseyin.bilgin@marmara.edu.tr., Marku M; Marmara University, School of Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul, Turkey., Yilmaz SS; Marmara University, School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey., Karahasan Yagci A; Marmara University, School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Istanbul, Turkey., Sili U; Marmara University, School of Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul, Turkey., Can B; Marmara University, School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Istanbul, Turkey., Can Sarinoglu R; Marmara University, School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Istanbul, Turkey., Mulazimoglu Durmusoglu L; Marmara University, School of Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul, Turkey., Haklar G; Marmara University, School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: goncahaklar@marmara.edu.tr., Sirikci O; Marmara University, School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: ondersirikci@marmara.edu.tr., Eksioglu Demiralp E; Istanbul Memorial Şişli Hospital, Tissue Typing and Immunology Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: emel.demiralp@memorial.com.tr.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Vaccine [Vaccine] 2022 Apr 20; Vol. 40 (18), pp. 2619-2625. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Mar 18.
DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.03.001
Abstrakt: Objectives: We evaluated the antibody response, natural killer cell response and B cell phenotypes in healthcare workers (HCW) who are vaccinated with two doses of CoronaVac with or without documented SARS-CoV-2 infection and unvaccinated HCWs with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Methods: HCWs were divided into four groups: vaccine only (VO), vaccine after SARS-CoV-2 infection (VAI), SARS-CoV-2 infection only (IO), and SARS-CoV-2 infection after vaccine (IAV). Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (Anti-S) antibodies were measured by Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S ELISA kit. Memory B cells (CD19 + CD27 + ), plasmablast B cells (CD19 + CD138 + ) and long-lived plasma cells (LLPC; CD138 + CD19 - ) were measured by flow cytometry in 74 patients. Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) release by natural killer (NK) cells were measured by NKVue Test (NKMAX, Republic of Korea) in 76 patients. RT-PCR was performed with Bio-speedy® COVID-19 qPCR detection kit, Version 2 (Bioexen LTD, Istanbul, Turkey).
Results: The Anti-S antibodies were detectable in all HCWs (n: 224). The median Anti-S titers (BAU/mL) was significantly higher in VAI (620 25-75% 373-1341) compared to VO (136, 25-75% 85-283) and IO (111, 25-75% 54-413, p < 0.01). VAI group had significantly lower percentage of plasmablasts (2.9; 0-8.7) compared to VO (6.8; 3.5-12.0) and IO (9.9; 4.7-47.5, p < 0.01) (n:74). Percentage of LLPCs in groups VO, VAI and IO was similar. There was no difference of IFN-γ levels between the study groups (n: 76).
Conclusion: The antibody response was similar between uninfected vaccinated HCWs and unvaccinated HCWs who had natural infection. HCWs who had two doses of CoronaVac either before or after the natural SARS-CoV-2 infection elicited significantly higher antibody responses compared to uninfected vaccinated HCWs. The lower percentages of plasmablasts in the VAI group may indicate their migration to lymph nodes and initiation of the germinal center reaction phase. IFN-γ response did not differ among the groups.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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