| Autor: |
Nasr EG; Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physicochimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, 64000 Pau, France.; Laboratoire des Matériaux Utiles, Institut National de Recherche et d'Analyse Physicochimique Technopole de Sidi Thabet, Ariana 2020, Tunisia.; Faculty of Sciences, Farhat Hached Universitary Campus, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1068, Tunisia., Epova EN; Advanced Isotopic Analysis Hélioparc, 64000 Pau, France., Sebilo M; Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physicochimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, 64000 Pau, France.; Sorbonne Université, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris (IEES Paris), CNRS, 75005 Paris, France., Larivière D; Département de Chimie, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada., Hammami M; Laboratoire des Matériaux Utiles, Institut National de Recherche et d'Analyse Physicochimique Technopole de Sidi Thabet, Ariana 2020, Tunisia., Souissi R; Laboratoire des Matériaux Utiles, Institut National de Recherche et d'Analyse Physicochimique Technopole de Sidi Thabet, Ariana 2020, Tunisia., Abderrazak H; Laboratoire des Matériaux Utiles, Institut National de Recherche et d'Analyse Physicochimique Technopole de Sidi Thabet, Ariana 2020, Tunisia., Donard OFX; Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physicochimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, 64000 Pau, France. |
| Abstrakt: |
The olive oil industry is subject to significant fraudulent practices that can lead to serious economic implications and even affect consumer health. Therefore, many analytical strategies have been developed for olive oil's geographic authentication, including multi-elemental and isotopic analyses. In the first part of this review, the range of multi-elemental concentrations recorded in olive oil from the main olive oil-producing countries is discussed. The compiled data from the literature indicates that the concentrations of elements are in comparable ranges overall. They can be classified into three categories, with (1) Rb and Pb well below 1 µg kg -1 ; (2) elements such as As, B, Mn, Ni, and Sr ranging on average between 10 and 100 µg kg -1 ; and (3) elements including Cr, Fe, and Ca ranging between 100 to 10,000 µg kg -1 . Various sample preparations, detection techniques, and statistical data treatments were reviewed and discussed. Results obtained through the selected analytical approaches have demonstrated a strong correlation between the multi-elemental composition of the oil and that of the soil in which the plant grew. The review next focused on the limits of olive oil authentication using the multi-elemental composition method. Finally, different methods based on isotopic signatures were compiled and critically assessed. Stable isotopes of light elements have provided acceptable segregation of oils from different origins for years already. More recently, the determination of stable isotopes of strontium has proven to be a reliable tool in determining the geographical origin of food products. The ratio 87 Sr/ 86 Sr is stable over time and directly related to soil geology; it merits further study and is likely to become part of the standard tool kit for olive oil origin determination, along with a combination of different isotopic approaches and multi-elemental composition. |
