Hospitalization costs of coronaviruses diseases in upper-middle-income countries: A systematic review.

Autor: Rocha-Filho CR; Evidence-Based Health Program, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil., Martins JWL; Pharmaceutical Sciences Program, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de São Paulo, Araraquara, SP, Brazil., Lucchetta RC; Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de São Paulo, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.; Department of Sustainability and Social Responsibility, Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, São Paulo, SP, Brazil., Ramalho GS; Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil., Trevisani GFM; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Santo Amaro, São Paulo, SP, Brazil., da Rocha AP; Evidence-Based Health Program, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil., Pinto ACPN; Evidence-Based Health Program, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.; Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, AP, Brazil., Reis FSA; Department of Medical Practices, Beneficência Portuguesa de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil., Ferla LJ; Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil., Mastroianni PC; Pharmaceutical Sciences Program, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de São Paulo, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.; Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de São Paulo, Araraquara, SP, Brazil., Correa L; Discipline of Infectiology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil., Saconato H; Discipline of Emergency and Evidence-Based Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil., Trevisani VFM; Evidence-Based Health Program, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Santo Amaro, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.; Discipline of Emergency and Evidence-Based Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2022 Mar 11; Vol. 17 (3), pp. e0265003. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Mar 11 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265003
Abstrakt: Background: COVID-19, SARS and MERS are diseases that present an important health burden worldwide. This situation demands resource allocation to the healthcare system, affecting especially middle- and low-income countries. Thus, identifying the main cost drivers is relevant to optimize patient care and resource allocation.
Objective: To systematically identify and summarize the current status of knowledge on direct medical hospitalization costs of SARS, MERS, or COVID-19 in Upper-Middle-Income Countries.
Methods: We conducted a systematic review across seven key databases (PubMed, EMBASE, BVS Portal, CINAHL, CRD library, MedRxiv and Research Square) from database inception to February 2021. Costs extracted were converted into 2021 International Dollars using the Purchasing Power Parity-adjusted. The assessment of quality was based on the protocol by the BMJ and CHEERS. PROSPERO 2020: CRD42020225757.
Results: No eligible study about SARS or MERS was recovered. For COVID-19, five studies presented cost analysis performed in Brazil, China, Iran, and Turkey. Regarding total direct medical costs, the lowest cost per patient at ward was observed in Turkey ($900.08), while the highest in Brazil ($5,093.38). At ICU, the lowest was in Turkey ($2,984.78), while the highest was in China ($52,432.87). Service care was the most expressive (58% to 88%) cost driver of COVID-19 patients at ward. At ICU, there was no consensus between service care (54% to 87%) and treatment (72% to 81%) as key burdens of total cost.
Conclusion: Our findings elucidate the importance of COVID-19 on health-economic outcomes. The marked heterogeneity among studies leaded to substantially different results and made challenging the comparison of data to estimate pooled results for single countries or regions. Further studies concerning cost estimates from standardized analysis may provide clearer data for a more substantial analysis. This may help care providers and policy makers to organize care for patients in the most efficient way.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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