Comparative incidence of adverse drug reaction during the first and subsequent year of antiretroviral therapy in a Nigerian HIV infected Cohort.

Autor:	Abah IO; Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Jos University Teaching Hospital/University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria., Dayom WD; Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Jos University Teaching Hospital/University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria., Dangiwa DA; Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Jos University Teaching Hospital/University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria., Aderemi-Williams R; Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Idiaraba Campus, Lagos, Nigeria., Anejo-Okopi J; Department of Microbiology, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria., Agbaji OO; Department of Medicine, University of Jos/Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria., Kanki P; Department of Immunology & Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA., Aguiyi JC; African Centre of Excellence for Phytomedicine Research and Development University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	African health sciences [Afr Health Sci] 2021 Sep; Vol. 21 (3), pp. 1027-1039.
DOI:	10.4314/ahs.v21i3.10
Abstrakt:	Background: Despite close to two decades of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Nigeria, data on late on-onset ART-associated adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are sparse. Objectives: To describe early and late-onset ADRs and compare their incidence in an outpatient HIV positive Cohort on ART. Method: We described the incidence of clinical ADRs identified and documented in an outpatient clinic cohort of HIV-positive patients treated between June 2004 and December 2015 at a tertiary health facility in Nigeria. Incidence rates of ADRs during the first and subsequent years of ART were compared. Results: of the 13,983 patients' data analyzed, 9317 were females (66%), and those in the age bracket of 25 to 45 years made up 78% of the studied population. During 52,411 person-years (py) of ART, 1485 incident ADRs were recorded; Incidence rate (IR) 28.3 (95% confidence interval [CI] 26.9:29.8) ADRs per 1000 person-years (py) of ART. The IR of ADRs was about two times higher in the first year of ART compared to subsequent years of treatment; crude incidence rate ratio (IRR) 1.77 (95% CI 1.59:1.97). Anemia, hypersensitivity reactions, and nervous system disorders had 7, 23, and 5 times higher incidence, respectively, in the first year of therapy, compared to subsequent years. Conclusion: The first year of ART is the period of highest risk of ADRs. Individual and programmatic treatment success in resource-limited settings requires strategies for early identification and management of ADR during the period of greatest risk of ADRs. (© 2021 Abah IO et al.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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