| Autor: |
Martin CK; MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK., Samolej J; Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK., Olson AT; School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA., Bertoli C; MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK., Wiebe MS; School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA., de Bruin RAM; MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK., Mercer J; Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK. |
| Abstrakt: |
Modulation of the host cell cycle is a common strategy used by viruses to create a pro-replicative environment. To facilitate viral genome replication, vaccinia virus (VACV) has been reported to alter cell cycle regulation and trigger the host cell DNA damage response. However, the cellular factors and viral effectors that mediate these changes remain unknown. Here, we set out to investigate the effect of VACV infection on cell proliferation and host cell cycle progression. Using a subset of VACV mutants, we characterise the stage of infection required for inhibition of cell proliferation and define the viral effectors required to dysregulate the host cell cycle. Consistent with previous studies, we show that VACV inhibits and subsequently shifts the host cell cycle. We demonstrate that these two phenomena are independent of one another, with viral early genes being responsible for cell cycle inhibition, and post-replicative viral gene(s) responsible for the cell cycle shift. Extending previous findings, we show that the viral kinase F10 is required to activate the DNA damage checkpoint and that the viral B1 kinase and/or B12 pseudokinase mediate degradation of checkpoint effectors p53 and p21 during infection. We conclude that VACV modulates host cell proliferation and host cell cycle progression through temporal expression of multiple VACV effector proteins. (209/200.). |
