Prevalence of bacterial vaginosis and aerobic vaginitis and their associated risk factors among pregnant women from northern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study.

Autor: Yalew GT; Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia., Muthupandian S; AMR and Nanomedicine Laboratory, Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India., Hagos K; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia., Negash L; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia., Venkatraman G; University of Malaya Proteomics Research Center, Deputy Vice-Cancellor (Research & Innovation), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Hagos YM; Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia., Meles HN; Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia., Weldehaweriat HH; Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia., Al-Dahmoshi HOM; Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Babylon, Babylon, Hilla City, Iraq., Saki M; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2022 Feb 25; Vol. 17 (2), pp. e0262692. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Feb 25 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262692
Abstrakt: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis (BV) and aerobic vaginitis (AV) and their associated risk factors among pregnant women from Ethiopia. Also, this study investigated the bacterial pathogens and their antibiotic resistance in AV cases. A total of 422 pregnant women from northern Ethiopia were participated in this study. Socio-demographic and clinical data were recorded. Vaginal swabs were collected and used for wet mount and Gram stain methods to evaluate the AV and BV scores according to the Nugent's and Donder's criteria, respectively. In AV cases the bacterial pathogens and their antibiotic resistance were determined using standard methods. The possible risk factors for AV and BV in pregnant women were investigated. The prevalence rates of BV and AV were 20.1% (85/422) and 8.1% (34/422), respectively. BV was more common in symptomatic vs. asymptomatic people (P < 0.001), and in second trimester vs. first trimester samples (P = 0.042). However, AV was more common in secondary school vs. primary and those who were unable to read and write (P = 0.021) and in housewife women vs. employee (P = 0.013). A total of 44 bacterial strains were isolated from AV cases, of which the coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) (38.6%) and Staphylococcus aureus (29.5%) were the most predominant bacteria, respectively. The highest resistance rate was observed against penicillin (100.0%) in staphylococci, while 86.7% of them were sensitive to ciprofloxacin. The resistance rate of Enterobacteriaceae ranged from 0.0% for ciprofloxacin and chloramphenicol to 100.0% against amoxicillin/clavulanate. The prevalence of BV was higher than AV in pregnant women. This higher prevalence of BV suggests that measures should be taken to reduce the undesired consequences related to BV in the pregnancy. The circulation of drug-resistant bacteria in vaginal infections requires a global surveillance to reduce the risks to pregnant mothers and infants.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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