| Autor: |
Kubica P; Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland., Kokotkiewicz A; Chair and Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland., Malinowska MA; Organic Chemistry and Technology Department, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland., Synowiec A; Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, ul. Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland., Gniewosz M; Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, ul. Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland., Hussain S; ADSI-Austrian Drug Screening Institute GmbH, Innrain 66a, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria., Yaqoob M; ADSI-Austrian Drug Screening Institute GmbH, Innrain 66a, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria., Bonn GK; ADSI-Austrian Drug Screening Institute GmbH, Innrain 66a, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria., Jakschitz T; ADSI-Austrian Drug Screening Institute GmbH, Innrain 66a, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria., Mahmoud EA; Department of Food Industries, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta 34511, Egypt., El-Abedin TKZ; Department of Agriculture & Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21545, Egypt., Elansary HO; Plant Production Department, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia., Luczkiewicz M; Chair and Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland., Ekiert H; Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland., Szopa A; Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland. |
| Abstrakt: |
Different types of microshoot cultures (agar, stationary liquid, agitated, and bioreactors) of Verbena officinalis were optimized for biomass growth and the production of phenylpropanoid glycosides and phenolic acids. Using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry, the presence of verbascoside, isoverbascoside, leucoseptoside A/isomers, and cistanoside D/isomer was confirmed in the methanolic extracts obtained from all types of in vitro cultures. The compound's content was determined by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography. The main metabolites in biomass extracts were verbascoside and isoverbascoside (maximum 4881.61 and 451.80 mg/100 g dry weight (DW)). In the soil-grown plant extract, verbascoside was also dominated (1728.97 mg/100 g DW). The content of phenolic acids in the analyzed extracts was below 24 mg/100 g DW. The highest radical scavenging activity was found in the biomass extract from agitated cultures, the most effective reducing power in agar culture extract, and the highest chelating activity in extract from bioreactor cultures. The extracts showed significantly stronger bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity against Gram-positive bacteria (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.3-2.2 mg/mL and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 0.6-9 mg/mL) than against Gram-negative bacteria (MIC 0.6-9 mg/mL, MBC of 0.6-18 mg/mL). The biomass extract from liquid stationary culture showed the strongest antibacterial activity, while the extract from soil-grown herb had the lowest. |
