Efficacy of ChAdOx1 vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern Beta, Delta and Omicron in the Syrian hamster model.

Autor: van Doremalen N; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA., Schulz JE; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA., Adney DR; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA., Saturday TA; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA., Fischer RJ; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA., Yinda CK; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA., Thakur N; Viral Glycoproteins Group, The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Woking, UK.; Pandemic Sciences Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Newman J; Viral Glycoproteins Group, The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Woking, UK., Ulaszewska M; Pandemic Sciences Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Belij-Rammerstorfer S; Pandemic Sciences Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Saturday G; Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA., Spencer AJ; Pandemic Sciences Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Bailey D; Viral Glycoproteins Group, The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Woking, UK., Gilbert SC; Pandemic Sciences Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Lambe T; Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK and Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Munster VJ; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Research square [Res Sq] 2022 Feb 15. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Feb 15.
DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1343927/v1
Abstrakt: ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) is a replication-deficient simian adenovirusâ€"vectored vaccine encoding the spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2, based on the first published full-length sequence (Wuhan-1). AZD1222 was shown to have 74% vaccine efficacy (VE) against symptomatic disease in clinical trials and over 2.5 billion doses of vaccine have been released for worldwide use. However, SARS-CoV-2 continues to circulate and consequently, variants of concern (VoCs) have been detected, with substitutions in the S protein that are associated with a reduction in virus neutralizing antibody titer. Updating vaccines to include S proteins of VoCs may be beneficial over boosting with vaccines encoding the ancestral S protein, even though current real-world data is suggesting good efficacy against hospitalization and death following boosting with vaccines encoding the ancestral S protein. Using the Syrian hamster model, we evaluated the effect of a single dose of AZD2816, encoding the S protein of the Beta VoC, and efficacy of AZD1222/AZD2816 as a heterologous primary series against challenge with the Beta or Delta variant. We then investigated the efficacy of a single dose of AZD2816 or AZD1222 against the Omicron VoC. As seen previously, minimal to no viral sgRNA could be detected in lungs of vaccinated animals obtained at 5 days post inoculation, in contrast to lungs of control animals. Thus, these vaccination regimens are protective against the Beta, Delta, and Omicron VoCs in the hamster model.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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