Measurement characteristics and correlates of HIV-related stigma among adults living with HIV: a cross-sectional study from coastal Kenya.

Autor:	Wanjala SW; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium stanley.wanjala@UGent.be.; Department of Social Sciences, School of Humanities and Social Sciences Pwani University, Kilifi, Kenya., Nyongesa MK; Department of Clinical Research (Neurosciences), KEMRI/Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Centre for Geographic Medicine Research (Coast), Kilifi, Kenya.; Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands., Mwangi P; Department of Clinical Research (Neurosciences), KEMRI/Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Centre for Geographic Medicine Research (Coast), Kilifi, Kenya., Mutua AM; Department of Clinical Research (Neurosciences), KEMRI/Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Centre for Geographic Medicine Research (Coast), Kilifi, Kenya., Luchters S; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.; Institute for Human Development, The Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya.; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia., Newton CRJC; Department of Clinical Research (Neurosciences), KEMRI/Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Centre for Geographic Medicine Research (Coast), Kilifi, Kenya.; Department of Psychiatry, Oxford University, Oxford, UK.; Department of Public Health, Pwani University, Kilifi, Kenya., Abubakar A; Department of Clinical Research (Neurosciences), KEMRI/Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Centre for Geographic Medicine Research (Coast), Kilifi, Kenya.; Institute for Human Development, The Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya.; Department of Psychiatry, Oxford University, Oxford, UK.; Department of Public Health, Pwani University, Kilifi, Kenya.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	BMJ open [BMJ Open] 2022 Feb 22; Vol. 12 (2), pp. e050709. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Feb 22.
DOI:	10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050709
Abstrakt:	Objective: We studied the psychometric properties of the 12-item short version of the Berger HIV stigma scale and assessed the correlates of HIV-related stigma among adults living with HIV on the Kenyan coast. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Comprehensive Care and Research Centre in the Kilifi County Hospital. Participants: Adults living with HIV on combination antiretroviral therapy were recruited and interviewed between February and April 2018 (n=450). Main Outcome Measures: HIV-related stigma. Results: 450 participants with a median age of 43 years (IQR=36-50) took part in the study. Of these, 356 (79.1%) were female. Scale reliability and validity were high (alpha=0.80, test-retest reliability intraclass correlation coefficient=0.92). Using confirmatory factor analysis, we observed that the 12-item short version of the HIV stigma scale had a good fit for its hypothesised model (Comparative Fit Index=0.966, Tucker Lewis Index=0.955, root mean square error of approximation=0.044). Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis indicated measurement invariance across gender and age groups as ΔCFI was ≤0.01. Multivariate linear regression established that being female (β=2.001, 95% CI: 0.21 to 3.80, p=0.029), HIV status non-disclosure (β=4.237, 95% CI: 1.27 to 7.20, p=0.005) and co-occurrence of depressive and anxiety symptoms (β=6.670, 95% CI: 3.40 to 9.94, p<0.001) were significant predictors of perceived HIV-related stigma and that these variables accounted for 10.2% of the explained variability in HIV-related stigma among adults living with HIV from Kilifi. Conclusions: Our results indicate that the 12-item short version of the HIV stigma scale is a valid and reliable measure of HIV stigma in Kenya. Furthermore, our study indicates that interventions aimed at reducing stigma need to take into account gender to address the specific needs of women, people who have not disclosed their HIV status, and those exhibiting symptoms of depression and anxiety, thereby improving their quality of life. Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared. (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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