Vaccine Protection Against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant in Macaques.

Autor:	Chandrashekar A; Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA., Yu J; Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA., McMahan K; Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA., Jacob-Dolan C; Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA., Liu J; Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA., He X; Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA., Hope D; Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA., Anioke T; Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA., Barrett J; Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA., Chung B; Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA., Hachmann NP; Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA., Lifton M; Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA., Miller J; Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA., Powers O; Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA., Sciacca M; Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA., Sellers D; Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA., Siamatu M; Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA., Surve N; Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA., VanWyk H; Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA., Wan H; Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA., Wu C; Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA., Pessaint L; Bioqual, Rockville, MD 20852, USA., Valentin D; Bioqual, Rockville, MD 20852, USA., Van Ry A; Bioqual, Rockville, MD 20852, USA., Muench J; Bioqual, Rockville, MD 20852, USA., Boursiquot M; Bioqual, Rockville, MD 20852, USA., Cook A; Bioqual, Rockville, MD 20852, USA., Velasco J; Bioqual, Rockville, MD 20852, USA., Teow E; Bioqual, Rockville, MD 20852, USA., Boon ACM; Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA., Suthar MS; Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA., Jain N; Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA, USA., Martinot AJ; Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA, USA., Lewis MG; Bioqual, Rockville, MD 20852, USA., Andersen H; Bioqual, Rockville, MD 20852, USA., Barouch DH; Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	BioRxiv : the preprint server for biology [bioRxiv] 2022 Feb 07. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Feb 07.
DOI:	10.1101/2022.02.06.479285
Abstrakt:	Background: The rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant, including in highly vaccinated populations, has raised important questions about the efficacy of current vaccines. Immune correlates of vaccine protection against Omicron are not known. Methods: 30 cynomolgus macaques were immunized with homologous and heterologous prime-boost regimens with the mRNA-based BNT162b2 vaccine and the adenovirus vector-based Ad26.COV2.S vaccine. Following vaccination, animals were challenged with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant by the intranasal and intratracheal routes. Results: Omicron neutralizing antibodies were observed following the boost immunization and were higher in animals that received BNT162b2, whereas Omicron CD8+ T cell responses were higher in animals that received Ad26.COV2.S. Following Omicron challenge, sham controls showed more prolonged virus in nasal swabs than in bronchoalveolar lavage. Vaccinated macaques demonstrated rapid control of virus in bronchoalveolar lavage, and most vaccinated animals also controlled virus in nasal swabs, showing that current vaccines provide substantial protection against Omicron in this model. However, vaccinated animals that had moderate levels of Omicron neutralizing antibodies but negligible Omicron CD8+ T cell responses failed to control virus in the upper respiratory tract. Virologic control correlated with both antibody and T cell responses. Conclusions: BNT162b2 and Ad26.COV2.S provided robust protection against high-dose challenge with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in macaques. Protection against this highly mutated SARS-CoV-2 variant correlated with both humoral and cellular immune responses.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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