| Autor: |
Monteagudo LV; Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain.; Agrifood Institute of Aragón (IA2), University of Zaragoza-CITA, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain., Benito AA; EXOPOL S.L, Pol Rio Gállego D/14, San Mateo del Gállego, 50840 Zaragoza, Spain., Lázaro-Gaspar S; EXOPOL S.L, Pol Rio Gállego D/14, San Mateo del Gállego, 50840 Zaragoza, Spain., Arnal JL; EXOPOL S.L, Pol Rio Gállego D/14, San Mateo del Gállego, 50840 Zaragoza, Spain., Martin-Jurado D; EXOPOL S.L, Pol Rio Gállego D/14, San Mateo del Gállego, 50840 Zaragoza, Spain., Menjon R; MSD Animal Health España, Carbajosa de la Sagrada, 37188 Salamanca, Spain., Quílez J; Agrifood Institute of Aragón (IA2), University of Zaragoza-CITA, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain.; Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain. |
| Abstrakt: |
Species A rotavirus (RVA) is a major viral pathogen causing diarrhea in suckling piglets. Studies on its genetic heterogeneity have implications for vaccine efficacy in the field. In this study, fecal samples ( n = 866) from diarrheic piglets younger than 28 days were analyzed over a two-year period (2018-2019). Samples were submitted from 426 farms located in 36 provinces throughout Spain and were tested using real-time PCR (qPCR) and reverse transcription real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) for five enteric pathogens. The individual prevalence was 89.4%, 64.4%, 44.9%, 33.7% and 4.4% for Clostridium perfringens , Clostridioides (formerly Clostridium ) difficile , species A rotavirus, species C rotavirus and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, respectively. Most specimens (96.9%) were positive for at least one of the target pathogens, and more than 80% of samples harbored mixed infections. Nucleotide sequencing of 70 specimens positive for RVA revealed the presence of the VP7 genotypes G4, G9, G3, G5, G11 and the VP4 genotypes P7, P23, P6 and P13, with the combinations G4P7 and G9P23 being the most prevalent, and especially in the areas with the highest pig population. The study shows the extensive genetic diversity of RVA strains as well as discrepancies with the genotypes contained in the vaccine available in Spain, and multiple amino acid differences in antigenic epitopes of different G- and P- genotypes with the vaccine strains. Further investigations are needed to determine the efficacy of the vaccine to confer clinical protection against heterologous strains. |
