Antigen Specific Humoral and Cellular Immunity Following SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in ANCA-Associated Vasculitis Patients Receiving B-Cell Depleting Therapy.

Autor:	Marty PK; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States., Van Keulen VP; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.; Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States., Erskine CL; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.; Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States., Shah M; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States., Hummel A; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States., Stachowitz M; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States., Fatis S; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States., Granger D; Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States., Block MS; Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.; Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States., Duarte-García A; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States., Warrington KJ; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States., Theel ES; Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States., Zhou X; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States., Zeng H; Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States., Specks U; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States., Escalante P; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States., Peikert T; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.; Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in immunology [Front Immunol] 2022 Jan 28; Vol. 13, pp. 834981. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jan 28 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI:	10.3389/fimmu.2022.834981
Abstrakt:	Humoral vaccine responses are known to be suboptimal in patients receiving B-cell targeted therapy, and little is known about vaccine induced T-cell immunity in these patients. In this study, we characterized humoral and cellular antigen-specific anti-SARS-CoV2 responses following COVID-19 vaccination in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) receiving anti-CD20 therapy, who were either B-cell depleted, or B-cell recovered at the time of vaccination and in normal control subjects. SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike (S) and anti-nucleocapsid (NC) antibodies were measured using electrochemiluminescence immunoassays, while SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell responses to S glycoprotein subunits 1 (S1) and 2 (S2) and receptor binding domain peptide pools were measured using interferon-gamma enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISPOT) assays. In total, 26 recently vaccinated subjects were studied. Despite the lack of a measurable humoral immune response, B-cell depleted patients mounted a similar vaccine induced antigen-specific T-cell response compared to B-cell recovered patients and normal controls. Our data indicate that to assure a humoral response in patients receiving anti-CD20 therapy, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination should ideally be delayed until B-cell recovery (CD-20 positive B-cells > 10/μl). Nevertheless, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination elicits robust, potentially protective cellular immune responses in these subjects. Further research to characterize the durability and protective effect of vaccine-induced anti-SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell immunity are needed. Competing Interests: PE research work has been supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases at the National Institutes of Health [AI141591] and Mayo internal research grant. PE, TP, and their institution have filed two patent applications related to immunodiagnostic laboratory methodologies for latent tuberculosis infection (Patent numbers: 9678071 and 10401360). To date, there has been no income or royalties associated with those filed patent applications. PE participated in a short-term advisory scientific board for DiaSorin Molecular in 2020, which was outside the scope of the submitted manuscript, and honorarium was paid to his institution. US has received research grant support from Genentech. HZ work has been supported by the National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal, and Skin Diseases at the National Institutes of Health [Award Number R01AR077518]. ET sat on an advisory board for Roche Diagnostics within the last 24 months and is an advisory board member for EuroImmun US, Serimmune Inc., and Oxford Immunotech. MB has received institutional research support from Bristol-Myers Squibb, Genentech, Immune Design, Pharmacyclics, Marker Therapeutics, Sorrento Therapeutics, Transgene, Viewpoint Molecular Targeting, Merck and TILT Biotherapeutics. MB is also an unpaid Scientific Advisor for Sorrento Therapeutics, Viewpoint Molecular Targeting, and TILT Biotherapeutics. AG has received research grants from the Rheumatology Research Foundation and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. KW has received clinical trial support from Eli Lilly and Kiniksa and honoraria from Chemocentryx. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2022 Marty, Van Keulen, Erskine, Shah, Hummel, Stachowitz, Fatis, Granger, Block, Duarte-García, Warrington, Theel, Zhou, Zeng, Specks, Escalante and Peikert.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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