Ancient DNA at the edge of the world: Continental immigration and the persistence of Neolithic male lineages in Bronze Age Orkney.

Autor:	Dulias K; Department of Biological and Geographical Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, United Kingdom.; Department of Archaeology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom.; Institut für Geosysteme und Bioindikation, Technische Universität Braunschweig 38106 Braunschweig, Germany., Foody MGB; Department of Biological and Geographical Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, United Kingdom., Justeau P; Department of Biological and Geographical Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, United Kingdom., Silva M; Department of Biological and Geographical Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, United Kingdom., Martiniano R; School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, United Kingdom., Oteo-García G; Department of Biological and Geographical Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, United Kingdom., Fichera A; Department of Biological and Geographical Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, United Kingdom., Rodrigues S; Department of Biological and Geographical Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, United Kingdom., Gandini F; Department of Biological and Geographical Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, United Kingdom., Meynert A; Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom., Donnelly K; Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom., Aitman TJ; Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom., Chamberlain A; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom., Lelong O; Department of Research, Business and Innovation, University of West England, Bristol, BS16 1QY, United Kingdom., Kozikowski G; Private address, Broadford, Isle of Skye IV49 9BB, United Kingdom., Powlesland D; Department of Biological and Geographical Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, United Kingdom.; The Landscape Research Centre Ltd, Malton YO17 8SL, United Kingdom., Waddington C; Archaeological Research Services Ltd, Bakewell DE45 1HB, United Kingdom., Mattiangeli V; Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 VF25, Ireland., Bradley DG; Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 VF25, Ireland., Bryk J; Department of Biological and Geographical Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, United Kingdom., Soares P; Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho 4710-057 Braga, Portugal., Wilson JF; Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom.; Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, United Kingdom., Wilson G; Environment and Archaeology Services, Midbea Schoolhouse, Westray, Orkney KW17 2DP, United Kingdom., Moore H; Environment and Archaeology Services, Midbea Schoolhouse, Westray, Orkney KW17 2DP, United Kingdom., Pala M; Department of Biological and Geographical Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, United Kingdom., Edwards CJ; Department of Biological and Geographical Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, United Kingdom; c.j.edwards@hud.ac.uk m.b.richards@hud.ac.uk., Richards MB; Department of Biological and Geographical Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, United Kingdom; c.j.edwards@hud.ac.uk m.b.richards@hud.ac.uk.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A] 2022 Feb 22; Vol. 119 (8).
DOI:	10.1073/pnas.2108001119
Abstrakt:	Orkney was a major cultural center during the Neolithic, 3800 to 2500 BC. Farming flourished, permanent stone settlements and chambered tombs were constructed, and long-range contacts were sustained. From ∼3200 BC, the number, density, and extravagance of settlements increased, and new ceremonial monuments and ceramic styles, possibly originating in Orkney, spread across Britain and Ireland. By ∼2800 BC, this phenomenon was waning, although Neolithic traditions persisted to at least 2500 BC. Unlike elsewhere in Britain, there is little material evidence to suggest a Beaker presence, suggesting that Orkney may have developed along an insular trajectory during the second millennium BC. We tested this by comparing new genomic evidence from 22 Bronze Age and 3 Iron Age burials in northwest Orkney with Neolithic burials from across the archipelago. We identified signals of inward migration on a scale unsuspected from the archaeological record: As elsewhere in Bronze Age Britain, much of the population displayed significant genome-wide ancestry deriving ultimately from the Pontic-Caspian Steppe. However, uniquely in northern and central Europe, most of the male lineages were inherited from the local Neolithic. This suggests that some male descendants of Neolithic Orkney may have remained distinct well into the Bronze Age, although there are signs that this had dwindled by the Iron Age. Furthermore, although the majority of mitochondrial DNA lineages evidently arrived afresh with the Bronze Age, we also find evidence for continuity in the female line of descent from Mesolithic Britain into the Bronze Age and even to the present day. Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interest. (Copyright © 2022 the Author(s). Published by PNAS.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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