High-performance microbial opsins for spatially and temporally precise perturbations of large neuronal networks.

Autor:	Sridharan S; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA., Gajowa MA; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA., Ogando MB; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA., Jagadisan UK; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA., Abdeladim L; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA., Sadahiro M; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA., Bounds HA; The Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA., Hendricks WD; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA., Turney TS; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Biophysics Graduate Program, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA., Tayler I; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA., Gopakumar K; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA., Oldenburg IA; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA., Brohawn SG; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; The Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA., Adesnik H; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; The Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Electronic address: hadesnik@berkeley.edu.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Neuron [Neuron] 2022 Apr 06; Vol. 110 (7), pp. 1139-1155.e6. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Feb 03.
DOI:	10.1016/j.neuron.2022.01.008
Abstrakt:	The biophysical properties of existing optogenetic tools constrain the scale, speed, and fidelity of precise optogenetic control. Here, we use structure-guided mutagenesis to engineer opsins that exhibit very high potency while retaining fast kinetics. These new opsins enable large-scale, temporally and spatially precise control of population neural activity. We extensively benchmark these new opsins against existing optogenetic tools and provide a detailed biophysical characterization of a diverse family of opsins under two-photon illumination. This establishes a resource for matching the optimal opsin to the goals and constraints of patterned optogenetics experiments. Finally, by combining these new opsins with optimized procedures for holographic photostimulation, we demonstrate the simultaneous coactivation of several hundred spatially defined neurons with a single hologram and nearly double that number by temporally interleaving holograms at fast rates. These newly engineered opsins substantially extend the capabilities of patterned illumination optogenetic paradigms for addressing neural circuits and behavior. Competing Interests: Declaration of interests H. Adesnik has a patent related to this work: 3D Sparse Holographic Temporal focusing, 2016, L. Waller, N. Pegard, and H. Adesnik, Provisional Patent Application #62-429,017. (Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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