Association of vision impairment and blindness with socioeconomic status in adults 50 years and older from Alto Amazonas, Peru.

Autor: Nesemann JM; Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. JNesemann@mednet.ucla.edu.; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. JNesemann@mednet.ucla.edu.; Emerge, Emerging Diseases and Climate Change Research Unit, School of Public Health and Administration, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. JNesemann@mednet.ucla.edu., Morocho-Alburqueque N; Universidad Nacional de Piura, Piura, Peru., Quincho-Lopez A; Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru., Muñoz M; Área de Epidemiología, Red de Salud Alto Amazonas, Yurimaguas, Peru., Liliana-Talero S; Escuela Superior de Oftalmología del Instituto Barraquer de América, Bogotá, Colombia., Harding-Esch EM; Clinical Research Department, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK., Saboyá-Díaz MI; Department of Communicable Diseases and Environmental Determinants of Health, Pan American Health Organization, Washington, DC, USA., Honorio-Morales HA; Componente de Salud Ocular y Prevención de la Ceguera, Ministerio de Salud, Lima, Peru., Durand S; Área de Epidemiología, Dirección Regional de Salud Loreto, Iquitos, Peru., Carey-Angeles CA; Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana, Iquitos, Peru., Klausner JD; Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Lescano AG; Emerge, Emerging Diseases and Climate Change Research Unit, School of Public Health and Administration, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru., Keenan JD; Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Eye (London, England) [Eye (Lond)] 2023 Feb; Vol. 37 (3), pp. 434-439. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Feb 03.
DOI: 10.1038/s41433-021-01870-x
Abstrakt: Objective: To determine the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and visual impairment (VI) or blindness in the rural Peruvian Amazon, hypothesizing that higher SES would have a protective effect on the odds of VI or blindness.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study of 16 rural communities in the Peruvian Amazon, consenting adults aged ≥ 50 years were recruited from ~30 randomly selected households per village. Each household was administered a questionnaire and had a SES score constructed using principal components analysis. Blindness and VI were determined using a ministry of health 3-meter visual acuity card.
Results: Overall, 207 adults aged ≥ 50 were eligible; 146 (70.5%) completed visual acuity screening and answered the questionnaire. Of those 146 participants who completed presenting visual acuity screening, 57 (39.0%, 95% CI 30.2-47.1) were classified as visually impaired and 6 (4.1%, 95% CI 0.9-7.3) as blind. Belonging to the highest SES tercile had a protective effect on VI or blindness (OR 0.29, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.91, p = 0.034), with a linear trend across decreasing levels of SES (p = 0.019). This observed effect remained significant regardless of how SES groups were assigned.
Conclusion: Belonging to a higher SES group resulted in a lower odds of VI or blindness compared to those in the lowest SES group. The observation of a dose response provides confidence in the observed association, but causality remains unclear. Blindness prevention programs could maximize impact by designing activities that specifically target people with lower SES.
(© 2022. Pan American Health Organization.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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