Bacterial biofilm infections, their resistance to antibiotics therapy and current treatment strategies.

Autor:	Singh A; Department of Applied Sciences, Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad, Allahabad 211012, Uttar Pradesh, India., Amod A; Department of Applied Sciences, Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad, Allahabad 211012, Uttar Pradesh, India., Pandey P; Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, West Bengal, India., Bose P; Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar, India., Pingali MS; Department of Applied Sciences, Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad, Allahabad 211012, Uttar Pradesh, India., Shivalkar S; Department of Applied Sciences, Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad, Allahabad 211012, Uttar Pradesh, India., Varadwaj PK; Department of Applied Sciences, Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad, Allahabad 211012, Uttar Pradesh, India., Sahoo AK; Department of Applied Sciences, Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad, Allahabad 211012, Uttar Pradesh, India., Samanta SK; Department of Applied Sciences, Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad, Allahabad 211012, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Biomedical materials (Bristol, England) [Biomed Mater] 2022 Feb 14; Vol. 17 (2). Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Feb 14.
DOI:	10.1088/1748-605X/ac50f6
Abstrakt:	Nearly 80% of human chronic infections are caused due to bacterial biofilm formation. This is the most leading cause for failure of medical implants resulting in high morbidity and mortality. In addition, biofilms are also known to cause serious problems in food industry. Biofilm impart enhanced antibiotic resistance and become recalcitrant to host immune responses leading to persistent and recurrent infections. It makes the clinical treatment for biofilm infections very difficult. Reduced penetration of antibiotic molecules through EPS, mutation of the target site, accumulation of antibiotic degrading enzymes, enhanced expression of efflux pump genes are the probable causes for antibiotics resistance. Accordingly, strategies like administration of topical antibiotics and combined therapy of antibiotics with antimicrobial peptides are considered for alternate options to overcome the antibiotics resistance. A number of other remediation strategies for both biofilm inhibition and dispersion of established biofilm have been developed. The metallic nanoparticles (NPs) and their oxides have recently gained a tremendous thrust as antibiofilm therapy for their unique features. This present comprehensive review gives the understanding of antibiotic resistance mechanisms of biofilm and provides an overview of various currently available biofilm remediation strategies, focusing primarily on the applications of metallic NPs and their oxides. (© 2022 IOP Publishing Ltd.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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