Adaptive immune responses in vaccinated patients with symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Alpha infection.

Autor: Park HS; W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and., Shapiro JR; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Sitaras I; W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and., Woldemeskel BA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Garliss CC; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Dziedzic A; W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and., Sachithanandham J; W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and., Jedlicka AE; W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and., Caputo CA; W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and., Rousseau KE; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Thakar M; W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and., Suwanmanee S; W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and., Hauk P; Advanced Mammalian Biomanufacturing Innovation Center, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Aliyu L; Advanced Mammalian Biomanufacturing Innovation Center, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Majewska NI; Advanced Mammalian Biomanufacturing Innovation Center, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Koley S; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA., Patel B; Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Health, Houston, Texas, USA., Broderick P; Emergency Medicine, Danbury Connecticut, USA., Mosnaim G; Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northshore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois, USA., Heath SL; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alabama Birmingham, Alabama, USA., Spivak ES; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA., Shenoy A; Hematology Oncology, Medstar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA., Bloch EM; Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Gniadek TJ; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Northshore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois, USA., Shoham S; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Casadevall A; W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and., Hanley D; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Cox AL; W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and.; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Laeyendecker O; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA., Betenbaugh MJ; Advanced Mammalian Biomanufacturing Innovation Center, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Cramer SM; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA., Mostafa HH; Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Pekosz A; W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and.; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Blankson JN; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Klein SL; W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and.; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Tobian AA; Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Sullivan D; W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and., Gebo KA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: JCI insight [JCI Insight] 2022 Mar 08; Vol. 7 (5). Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Mar 08.
DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.155944
Abstrakt: Benchmarks for protective immunity from infection or severe disease after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination are still being defined. Here, we characterized virus neutralizing and ELISA antibody levels, cellular immune responses, and viral variants in 4 separate groups: healthy controls (HCs) weeks (early) or months (late) following vaccination in comparison with symptomatic patients with SARS-CoV-2 after partial or full mRNA vaccination. During the period of the study, most symptomatic breakthrough infections were caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Alpha variant. Neutralizing antibody levels in the HCs were sustained over time against the vaccine parent virus but decreased against the Alpha variant, whereas IgG titers and T cell responses against the parent virus and Alpha variant declined over time. Both partially and fully vaccinated patients with symptomatic infections had lower virus neutralizing antibody levels against the parent virus than the HCs, similar IgG antibody titers, and similar virus-specific T cell responses measured by IFN-γ. Compared with HCs, neutralization activity against the Alpha variant was lower in the partially vaccinated infected patients and tended to be lower in the fully vaccinated infected patients. In this cohort of breakthrough infections, parent virus neutralization was the superior predictor of breakthrough infections with the Alpha variant of SARS-CoV-2.
Databáze: MEDLINE