Global Health Impacts for Economic Models of Climate Change: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Autor:	Cromar KR; Marron Institute of Urban Management, New York University, New York, New York.; Departments of Environmental Medicine and Population Health, New York University, Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York., Anenberg SC; Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, D.C., Balmes JR; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California., Fawcett AA; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., Ghazipura M; Marron Institute of Urban Management, New York University, New York, New York., Gohlke JM; Department of Population Health Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia., Hashizume M; Department of Global Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan., Howard P; Institute for Policy Integrity, New York University School of Law, New York, New York., Lavigne E; Air Health Science Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada., Levy K; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington., Madrigano J; RAND Corporation, Arlington, Virginia., Martinich JA; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., Mordecai EA; Biology Department, Stanford University, Stanford, California., Rice MB; Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts., Saha S; National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia., Scovronick NC; Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia., Sekercioglu F; School of Occupational and Public Health, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Svendsen ER; National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia., Zaitchik BF; Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and., Ewart G; American Thoracic Society, New York, New York.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Annals of the American Thoracic Society [Ann Am Thorac Soc] 2022 Jul; Vol. 19 (7), pp. 1203-1212.
DOI:	10.1513/AnnalsATS.202110-1193OC
Abstrakt:	Rationale: Avoiding excess health damages attributable to climate change is a primary motivator for policy interventions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, the health benefits of climate mitigation, as included in the policy assessment process, have been estimated without much input from health experts. Objectives: In accordance with recommendations from the National Academies in a 2017 report on approaches to update the social cost of greenhouse gases (SC-GHG), an expert panel of 26 health researchers and climate economists gathered for a virtual technical workshop in May 2021 to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis and recommend improvements to the estimation of health impacts in economic-climate models. Methods: Regionally resolved effect estimates of unit increases in temperature on net all-cause mortality risk were generated through random-effects pooling of studies identified through a systematic review. Results: Effect estimates and associated uncertainties varied by global region, but net increases in mortality risk associated with increased average annual temperatures (ranging from 0.1% to 1.1% per 1°C) were estimated for all global regions. Key recommendations for the development and utilization of health damage modules were provided by the expert panel and included the following: not relying on individual methodologies in estimating health damages; incorporating a broader range of cause-specific mortality impacts; improving the climate parameters available in economic models; accounting for socioeconomic trajectories and adaptation factors when estimating health damages; and carefully considering how air pollution impacts should be incorporated in economic-climate models. Conclusions: This work provides an example of how subject-matter experts can work alongside climate economists in making continued improvements to SC-GHG estimates.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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